一个可以让你有更多时间摸鱼的WPF控件（二）
前言上文介绍了如何通过一个Form自定义控件来简化数据的录入，并自动实现数据校验，自动布局排列等功能。本文继续介绍如何优化表格控件的使用，缩减代码量，实现工作效率的提升。
一、功能实现
上文中分析了DataGrid跟ListView两种表格控件的优劣，在这里我们选择ListView来实现我们的表格功能，如有疑问请看上一篇文章，这里不再赘述。
下面我们定义一个ListViewExtensions静态类来实现ListView的附加属性，并在附加属性更改后实现ListView的优化功能。
public static class ListViewExtensions
{
#region AutoGenerateColumns
public static readonly DependencyProperty AutoGenerateColumnsProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("AutoGenerateColumns", typeof(bool), typeof(ListViewExtensions), new PropertyMetadata(false, AutoGenerateColumnsChanged));
public static bool GetAutoGenerateColumns(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (bool)obj.GetValue(AutoGenerateColumnsProperty);
}
public static void SetAutoGenerateColumns(DependencyObject obj, bool value)
{
obj.SetValue(AutoGenerateColumnsProperty, value);
}
private static void AutoGenerateColumnsChanged(DependencyObject obj, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
ListView listView = obj as ListView;
bool autoGenerateColumns = (bool)e.NewValue;
if (listView != null)
{
if (autoGenerateColumns)
{
listView.Loaded += ListViewLoadedHandler;
}
else
{
listView.Loaded -= ListViewLoadedHandler;
}
}
}
private static void ListViewLoadedHandler(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var listView = (ListView)sender;
if (listView.ItemsSource == null) return;
var itemType = listView.ItemsSource.GetType().GetGenericArguments().FirstOrDefault();
if (itemType != null)
{
// 获取数据源的属性信息
var properties = itemType.GetProperties();
GridView gridView = null;
if (listView.View is GridView gv)
{
gridView = gv;
}
else
{
listView.View = gridView = new GridView();
}
// 根据属性信息创建列并添加到 GridView 中
var optionMappingConverter = new OptionMappingConverter();
var enumDescriptionConverter = new EnumDescriptionConverter();
foreach (PropertyInfo property in properties)
{
//排除无用属性
var name = property.Name;
if (PropertyHelper.IgnoredProperties.Contains(property.Name)) continue;
//读取列参数
var columnAttribute = property.GetCustomAttributes().OfType<ColumnAttribute>().FirstOrDefault();
if (columnAttribute == null || !columnAttribute.IsVisible) continue;
//排除重复属性
var targetColumn = gridView.Columns.FirstOrDefault(item => GetColumnName(item) == property.Name);
if (targetColumn != null)
{
if (targetColumn.Header == null)
targetColumn.Header = columnAttribute.Name;
SetColumnIndex(targetColumn, columnAttribute.Order);
continue;
}
var column = new GridViewColumn() { Header = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(columnAttribute.Name) ? columnAttribute.Name : name };
SetColumnName(column, property.Name);
//分组
if (columnAttribute is GroupColumnAttribute group) ListViewExtensions.SetGroup(column, group.Group);
//宽度
if (columnAttribute.Width > 0) column.Width = columnAttribute.Width;
//转换器
if (columnAttribute.Converter != null)
{
column.DisplayMemberBinding = new Binding(property.Name)
{
Converter = Activator.CreateInstance(columnAttribute.Converter) as IValueConverter,
ConverterParameter = columnAttribute.ConverterParameter,
StringFormat = columnAttribute.StringFormat
};
}
else
{
//指定转换器
var optionMappingAttribute = property.GetCustomAttributes().OfType<OptionMappingAttribute>().FirstOrDefault();
if (optionMappingAttribute != null)
{
column.DisplayMemberBinding = new Binding(property.Name)
{
Converter = optionMappingConverter,
ConverterParameter = optionMappingAttribute.Mapping
};
}
else if (property.PropertyType.IsEnum)
{
column.DisplayMemberBinding = new Binding(property.Name)
{
Converter = enumDescriptionConverter,
StringFormat = columnAttribute.StringFormat
};
}
else
{
column.DisplayMemberBinding = new Binding(property.Name) { StringFormat = columnAttribute.StringFormat };
}
}
SetColumnIndex(column, columnAttribute.Order);
gridView.Columns.Add(column);
}
var cols = gridView.Columns.OrderBy(item => GetColumnIndex(item)).ToArray();
gridView.Columns.Clear();
foreach (var col in cols)
{
gridView.Columns.Add(col);
}
}
}
#endregion
#region ColumnIndex
public static int GetColumnIndex(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (int)obj.GetValue(ColumnIndexProperty);
}
public static void SetColumnIndex(DependencyObject obj, int value)
{
obj.SetValue(ColumnIndexProperty, value);
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty ColumnIndexProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("ColumnIndex", typeof(int), typeof(ListViewExtensions), new PropertyMetadata(0));
#endregion
#region ColumnName
public static string GetColumnName(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (string)obj.GetValue(ColumnNameProperty);
}
public static void SetColumnName(DependencyObject obj, string value)
{
obj.SetValue(ColumnNameProperty, value);
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty ColumnNameProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("ColumnName", typeof(string), typeof(ListViewExtensions));
#endregion
#region Group
public static string GetGroup(DependencyObject obj)
{
return (string)obj.GetValue(GroupProperty);
}
public static void SetGroup(DependencyObject obj, string value)
{
obj.SetValue(GroupProperty, value);
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty GroupProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Group", typeof(string), typeof(ListViewExtensions));
#endregion
}二、示例代码
View
Model
public class Person : ValidationObjectBase
{
private string _name;
private DateTime _dateOfBirth = DateTime.Now;
private int _age;
private int _gender = 1;
private string _phoneNumber;
private string _email;
private string _address;
private string _idCardNumber;
private EducationInfo _education;
private MaritalStatus _maritalStatus;
/// <summary>
/// 姓名
/// </summary>
public string Name
{
get => _name;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _name, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 出生日期
/// </summary>
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 年龄
/// </summary>
public int Age
{
get => _age;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _age, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// // 性别
/// </summary>
public int Gender
{
get => _gender;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _gender, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 手机号码
/// </summary>
public string PhoneNumber
{
get => _phoneNumber;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _phoneNumber, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 电子邮箱
/// </summary>
public string Email
{
get => _email;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _email, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 地址信息
/// </summary>
public string Address
{
get => _address;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _address, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 身份证号码
/// </summary>
public string IdCardNumber
{
get => _idCardNumber;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _idCardNumber, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 教育信息
/// </summary>
//
public EducationInfo Education
{
get => _education;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _education, value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 婚姻状况
/// </summary>
public MaritalStatus MaritalStatus
{
get => _maritalStatus;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _maritalStatus, value);
}<br>}ViewModel
public class FormDemoViewModel : BindableBase
{
public ObservableCollection<Person> Collection
{
get { return _collection; }
set { this.SetProperty(ref _collection, value); }
}
}
三、答疑解惑
2.1 如何添加自定义列？
答：可以按常规方式添加自定义列，用ListViewExtensions.ColumnIndex来指定位的位置，以下为示例代码。
<ListView extensions:ListViewExtensions.AutoGenerateColumns="True" ItemsSource="{Binding Collection}">
<GridView>
<GridViewColumn extensions:ListViewExtensions.ColumnIndex="0">
<GridViewColumn.Header>
<CheckBox Content="全选" />
</GridViewColumn.Header>
<GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<CheckBox />
</DataTemplate>
</GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
</GridViewColumn>
</GridView>
</ListView>2.2 如何自动生成的列不满足需求，可不可以自己定义列？
答：可以，使用ListViewExtensions.ColumnName属性可以覆盖某一个列的自动生成的操作。
<ListView extensions:ListViewExtensions.AutoGenerateColumns="True" ItemsSource="{Binding Collection}">
<GridView>
<GridViewColumn
extensions:ListViewExtensions.ColumnIndex="1"
extensions:ListViewExtensions.ColumnName="Name">
<GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" />
</DataTemplate>
</GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
</GridViewColumn>
</GridView>
</ListView>2.3 如何给列设置顺序？
答：在属性上给ColumnAttribute特性设置参数Order。
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}2.4 如何设置列的宽度？
答：在属性上给ColumnAttribute特性设置参数Width。
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}2.5 如何将列设为不可见？
答：在属性上给ColumnAttribute特性设置参数IsVisible。
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}2.6 如何给绑定设置格式化字符串？
答：在属性上给ColumnAttribute特性设置参数StringFormat。
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}2.7 如何给绑定设置转换器及参数？
答：在属性上给ColumnAttribute特性设置Converter和ConverterParameter参数。
public DateTime DateOfBirth
{
get => _dateOfBirth;
set => this.SetProperty(ref _dateOfBirth, value);
}
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/qushi2020/p/18106033
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