MySQL实现免密登录的三种配置方式
一、示例环境版本说明操作系统版本centos7.6
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)mysql数据库版本5.7.32
$ mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.32, for el7 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
二、MySQL免密登录方式配置示例
1、通过设置client标签，直接编辑/etc/my.cnf文件
编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，添加如下代码
$ cat /etc/my.cnf
user = root
password = 123456
port = 3306配置完成后可以使用mysql命令直接登录数据库
$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.32-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
<br>
Copyright © 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
<br>
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
<br>
Type ‘help;' or ‘\h' for help. Type ‘\c' to clear the current input statement.
<br>
mysql>此方式最大问题是明文存储密码，见配置文件各用户可见，非常的不安全。
2、我们通过my.cnf来配置，设置到~/.my.cnf来配置免密码
编辑~/.my.cnf文件，添加如下代码
$ cat ~/.my.cnf
user = root
password = 123456
port = 3306修改my.cnf属性
#chmod 600 ~/.my.cnf
$ ll ~/.my.cnf
-rw-------. 1 wuhs wuhs 51 Dec 29 22:56 /home/wuhs/.my.cnf配置完成后可以使用mysql命令直接登录数据库
$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.32-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
<br>
Copyright © 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
<br>
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
<br>
Type ‘help;' or ‘\h' for help. Type ‘\c' to clear the current input statement.
<br>
mysql>此种方式也是明文存储，配置方式同第一种，文件为隐藏文件，设置文件为改用户可读，与第一种方式相比安全性有所提高。经验证测试，~/.my.cnf配置文件优先于/etc/my.cnf。
3、通过mysql_config_editor命令
使用mysql_config_editor命令一个test标签
$ mysql_config_editor set -G test -S /tmp/mysql.sock -uroot -p
Enter password: [此处输入root账户密码]执行如上步骤后生成了隐藏文件.mylogin.cnf，文件类型为data，是一个二进制文件
$ file ~/.mylogin.cnf
/home/wuhs/.mylogin.cnf: data查看该文件，密码为加密存储
$ mysql_config_editor print --all
user = root
password = *****
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock使用mysql --login-path="标签"登录
$ mysql --login-path=test
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 18
Server version: 5.7.32-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
<br>
Copyright © 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
<br>
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
<br>
Type ‘help;' or ‘\h' for help. Type ‘\c' to clear the current input statement.
<br>
mysql>第三种方式登录文件为隐藏的二进制文件，且密码通过密文存储，安全性最高。
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