使用WebApi+Vue3从0到1搭建《权限管理系统》:二、搭建JWT系统鉴权
视频地址:【WebApi+Vue3从0到1搭建《权限管理系统》系列视频:搭建JWT系统鉴权-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/R6cOcDOqq群:801913255
一、在appsettings.json中设置鉴权属性
/*jwt鉴权*/
"JwtSetting": {
"Issuer": "zhangsan", //发行人
"Audience": "zhangsan", //订阅人
"ExpireSeconds": 120, //过期时间,默认分钟
"ENAlgorithm": "HS256", //秘钥算法
"SecurityKey": "Zmz=Start2024013OverallAuth.WebApi" //秘钥构成
},二、新建模型
添加模型JwtSettingModel其中字段和appsettings.json中的字段一样,如下
/// <summary>
/// jwt 配置模型
/// </summary>
public class JwtSettingModel
{
/// <summary>
/// 发行人
/// </summary>
public string Issuer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 订阅人
/// </summary>
public string Audience { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 过期时间,默认分钟
/// </summary>
public intExpireSeconds { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 秘钥算法
/// </summary>
public string ENAlgorithm { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 秘钥构成
/// </summary>
public string SecurityKey { get; set; }
}三、新建解析appsettings.json节点的帮助类
/// <summary>
/// 配置文件解析帮助类
/// </summary>
public class ConfigurationHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 配置项
/// </summary>
public static IConfiguration configuration { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 构造实例化
/// </summary>
static ConfigurationHelper()
{
configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().Add(new JsonConfigurationSource { Path = "appsettings.json", ReloadOnChange = true }).Build();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取appsetings 配置节点
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="node"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T GetNode<T>(string node) where T : new()
{
T mode = configuration.GetSection(node).Get<T>();
return mode;
}
}四、在Startup.cs编写鉴权代码
找到ConfigureServices方法,在方法中添加如下代码
//添加jwt鉴权
services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme).AddJwtBearer(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, option =>
{
var jwtsetting = ConfigurationHelper.GetNode<JwtSettingModel>("JwtSetting");
Configuration.Bind("JwtSetting", jwtsetting);
option.SaveToken = true;
option.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
ValidIssuer = jwtsetting.Issuer,//发行人
ValidAudience = jwtsetting.Audience,//订阅人
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtsetting.SecurityKey)),//解密的密钥
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,//是否验证签名,不验证的画可以篡改数据,不安全
ValidateIssuer = true,//是否验证发行人,就是验证载荷中的Iss是否对应ValidIssuer参数
ValidateAudience = true,//是否验证订阅人,就是验证载荷中的Aud是否对应ValidAudience参数
ValidateLifetime = true,//是否验证过期时间,过期了就拒绝访问
ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero,//这个是token缓冲过期时间,如果设置了,token过期时间就是缓冲时间+过期时间
//RequireExpirationTime = true,
};
});并在Configure方法中添加jwt授权代码 app.UseAuthorization();
五、编写Jwt帮助类
/// <summary>
/// jwt帮助类
/// </summary>
public static class JwtHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 生成token
/// </summary>
/// <param name="loginResult"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string BuildToken(LoginModel loginResult)
{
LoginModel result = new();
var jwtsetting = ConfigurationHelper.GetNode<JwtSettingModel>("JwtSetting");
//获取登录信息
var calime = loginResult.PropValueType().Select(x => new Claim(x.Name, x.Value.ToString(), x.Type)).ToList();
//记录登录信息
var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtsetting.SecurityKey));
var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
var header = new JwtHeader(creds);
var paylod = new JwtPayload(jwtsetting.Issuer, jwtsetting.Audience, calime, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(jwtsetting.ExpireSeconds));
//正式创建令牌
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(header, paylod);
var tokenStr = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token);
varddd = token.ValidTo.AddHours(8).ToString();
return tokenStr;
}
/// <summary>
/// 反射获取字段信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj">模型</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static IEnumerable<(string Name, object Value, string Type)> PropValueType(this object obj)
{
List<(string a, object b, string c)> result = new();
var type = obj.GetType();
var props = type.GetProperties();
foreach (var item in props)
{
result.Add((item.Name, item.GetValue(obj), item.PropertyType.Name));
}
return result;
}
}然后再webapi接口控制器上方添加鉴权特性,这样所有接口都会遵守jwt鉴权协议
六、Swagger接口文档使用Jwt鉴权
做好以上五点,webapi中就能正常使用jwt鉴权,但如果你使用Swagger测试接口,那么就要让Swagger遵守Jwt协议
所以必须在添加以下代码,注意这段代码是写在AddSwaggerGen中
//把jwt添加到swagger中
optinos.AddSecurityDefinition("OverallAuth.WebApi", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
{
Description = "直接在下框中输入Bearer token(注意两者之间是一个空格)",
Name = "Authorization",//jwt默认的参数名称
In = ParameterLocation.Header,//jwt默认存放请求头中
Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey
});
//swagger遵守jwt授权协议
optinos.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
{
{
new OpenApiSecurityScheme{
Reference = new OpenApiReference {
Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
Id = "OverallAuth.WebApi"
}
},new string[] { }
}
});
以上就是在webapi中使用jwt的详细代码
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/cyzf/p/18143537
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