使用playwright爬取魔笔小说网站并下载轻小说资源
一、安装python官网
下载python3.9及以上版本
二、安装playwright
playwright是微软公司2020年初发布的新一代自动化测试工具,相较于目前最常用的Selenium,它仅用一个API即可自动执行Chromium、Firefox、WebKit等主流浏览器自动化操作。
(1)安装Playwright依赖库
1 pip install playwright
(2)安装Chromium、Firefox、WebKit等浏览器的驱动文件(内置浏览器)
1 python -m playwright install三、分析网站的HTML结构
魔笔小说网是一个轻小说下载网站,提供了mobi、epub等格式小说资源,美中不足的是,需要跳转城通网盘下载,无会员情况下被限速且同一时间只允许一个下载任务。
当使用chrome浏览器时点击键盘的F12进入开发者模式。
(一)小说目录
HTML内容
通过href标签可以获得每本小说的详细地址,随后打开该地址获取章节下载地址。
(二)章节下载目录
HTML内容
遍历每本小说的地址并保存到单独的txt文件中供后续下载。
(三)代码
1 import time,re
2
3 from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect
4
5 def cancel_request(route,request):
6 route.abort()
7 def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
8 browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
9 context = browser.new_context()
10 page = context.new_page()
11 # 不加载图片
12 # page.route(re.compile(r"(\.png)|(\.jpg)"), cancel_request)
13 page.goto("https://mobinovels.com/")
14 # 由于魔笔小说首页是动态加载列表,因此在此处加30s延迟,需手动滑动页面至底部直至加载完全部内容
15 for i in range(30):
16 time.sleep(1)
17 print(i)
18 # 定位至列表元素
19 novel_list = page.locator('[]')
20 # 统计小说数量
21 total = novel_list.count()
22 # 遍历获取小说详情地址
23 for i in range(total):
24 novel = novel_list.nth(i).locator("a")
25 title = novel.inner_text()
26 title_url = novel.get_attribute("href")
27 page1 = context.new_page()
28 page1.goto(title_url,wait_until='domcontentloaded')
29 print(i+1,total,title)
30 try:
31 content_list = page1.locator("table>tbody>tr")
32 # 保存至单独txt文件中供后续下载
33 with open('./novelurl/'+title+'.txt', 'a') as f:
34 for j in range(content_list.count()):
35 if content_list.nth(j).locator("td").count() > 2:
36 content_href = content_list.nth(j).locator("td").nth(3).locator("a").get_attribute("href")
37 f.write(title+str(j+1)+'分割'+content_href + '\n')
38 except:
39 pass
40 page1.close()
41 # 程序结束后手动关闭程序
42 time.sleep(50000)
43 page.close()
44
45 # ---------------------
46 context.close()
47 browser.close()
48
49
50 with sync_playwright() as playwright:
51 run(playwright)(四)运行结果
四、开始下载
之所以先将下载地址保存到txt再下载而不是立即下载,是防止程序因网络等原因异常崩溃后记录进度,下次启动避免重复下载。
(一)获取cookies
城通网盘下载较大资源时需要登陆,有的轻小说文件较大时,页面会跳转到登陆页面导致程序卡住,因此需利用cookies保存登陆状态,或增加延迟手动在页面登陆。
chrome浏览器可以通过cookies editor插件获取cookies,导出后即可使用。
(二)分析下载地址
下载地址有三种类型,根据判断条件分别处理:
(1)文件的访问密码统一为6195,当域名为 https://url74.ctfile.com/ 地址后缀带有 ?p=6195 时,页面自动填入访问密码,我们需要在脚本中判断后缀是否为 ?p=6195 ,如不是则拼接字符串后访问;
(2)有后缀时无需处理;
(3)当域名为 https://t00y.com/ 时无需密码;
1 if "t00y.com" in new_url:
2 page.goto(new_url)
3 elif "?p=6195" not in new_url:
4 page.goto(new_url+"?p=6195")
5 page.get_by_placeholder("文件访问密码").click()
6 page.get_by_role("button", name="解密文件").click()
7 else:
8 page.goto(new_url)
9 page.get_by_placeholder("文件访问密码").click()
10 page.get_by_role("button", name="解密文件").click()(三)开始下载
playWright下载资源需利用 page.expect_download 函数。
下载完整代码如下:
1 import time,os
2
3 from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect
4
5
6 def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
7 browser = playwright.chromium.launch(channel="chrome", headless=False) # 此处使用的是本地chrome浏览器
8 context = browser.new_context()
9 path = r'D:\PycharmProjects\wxauto\novelurl'
10 dir_list = os.listdir(path)
11 # 使用cookies
12 # cookies = []
13 # context.add_cookies(cookies)
14 page = context.new_page()
15 for i in range(len(dir_list)):
16 try:
17 novel_url = os.path.join(path, dir_list)
18 print(novel_url)
19 with open(novel_url) as f:
20 for j in f.readlines():
21 new_name,new_url = j.strip().split("分割")
22 if "t00y.com" in new_url:
23 page.goto(new_url)
24 elif "?p=6195" not in new_url:
25 page.goto(new_url+"?p=6195")
26 page.get_by_placeholder("文件访问密码").click()
27 page.get_by_role("button", name="解密文件").click()
28 else:
29 page.goto(new_url)
30 page.get_by_placeholder("文件访问密码").click()
31 page.get_by_role("button", name="解密文件").click()
32
33 with page.expect_download(timeout=100000) as download_info:
34 page.get_by_role("button", name="立即下载").first.click()
35 print(new_name,"开始下载")
36 download_file = download_info.value
37 download_file.save_as("./novel/"+dir_list[:-4]+"/"+download_file.suggested_filename)
38 time.sleep(3)
39 os.remove(novel_url)
40 print(i+1,dir_list,"下载结束")
41 except:
42 print(novel_url,"出错")
43 time.sleep(60)
44 page.close()
45
46 # ---------------------
47 context.close()
48 browser.close()
49
50
51 with sync_playwright() as playwright:
52 run(playwright)(四)运行结果
TRANSLATE with <img id="FloaterLogo"> xEnglishArabicHebrewPolish BulgarianHindiPortuguese CatalanHmong DawRomanian Chinese SimplifiedHungarianRussian Chinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovak CzechItalianSlovenian DanishJapaneseSpanish DutchKlingonSwedish EnglishKoreanThai EstonianLatvianTurkish FinnishLithuanianUkrainian FrenchMalayUrdu GermanMalteseVietnamese GreekNorwegianWelsh Haitian CreolePersian <img alt="" > <img id="HelpImg"> <img id="EmbedImg"> <img id="ShareImg"> TRANSLATE with <img id="CollapsedLogoImg">COPY THE URL BELOW <img id="EmailImg"> <img id="ShareHelpImg"> Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE<img id="EmbedHelpImg"> Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/xwjz/p/17752999.html
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