ansible开局配置-openEuler
ansible干啥用的就不多介绍了，这篇文章主要在说ansible的安装、开局配置、免密登录。ansible安装
[*]查看系统版本
cat /etc/openEuler-latest输出内容如下：
openeulerversion=openEuler-24.03-LTS
compiletime=2024-05-27-21-31-28
gccversion=12.3.1-30.oe2403
kernelversion=6.6.0-28.0.0.34.oe2403
openjdkversion=1.8.0.412.b08-5.oe2403
[*]清除软件库缓存
dnf clean all
[*]建议软件库缓存
dnf makecache
[*]安装epel-release软件仓
[*]下载对应版本epel-release的软件仓库
# 不同系统版本需要安装不同的epel-release
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-testing.repo2. 重新建立软件库索引mv epel-testing.repo /etc/yum.repo.d/
dnf clean all
dnf makecache
[*]安装ansible
dnf -y install ansible等待安装完成即可
开局配置
[*]常用文件介绍
/etc/ansible/hosts ## 用于存放需要批量管理的主机IP或主机名称
/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg ## 该文件为ansible的主要配置文件
[*]添加主机到ansible
192.168.0.10 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号
192.168.0.11 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号
192.168.0.12 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号ansible_ssh_pass：远程主机登录密码
ansible_ssh_user：远程主机登录账号
[*]远程执行ping命令，会发现执行报错
ansible all -m ping输出内容如下：
192.168.0.10 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this.Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
192.168.0.11 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this.Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
192.168.0.12 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this.Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
出现这个问题主要是因为ansible默认是没有开启账号密码登录的，默认采用证书登录，只需要在配置文件中把证书登录关闭就可以执行成功了。
进入/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg文件，将host_key_checking = False取消注释或者增加该内容即可
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/c970205e90a903c7f548936d52a3a679.png
再次重新执行就不会有问题了，成功后输出内容如下
192.168.0.11 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
192.168.0.10 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
192.168.0.12 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
配置免密登录
[*]生成密钥
ssh-keygen一路回车即可，输出内容如下：
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:+RGyyNnrIHOLllk+e2hpNyTmxjBZkMY5vvDmTGuEh5g root@ecs-5352
The key's randomart image is:
+-------+
| . o |
| B |
| o o. . |
|. ...+ + . |
| o = ++ S . |
|E o @ + .o . |
| Bo%o=. . |
| O=@++ |
| o.+o=.. |
+---------+
[*]编写playbook脚本文件
- hosts: # 主机组
remote_user: # 用户名
tasks:
- name: push ansible key
authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file' ,'密钥存放位置')}}" state=present示例：
- hosts: all
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: push ansible key
authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file' ,'/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub')}}" state=present
[*]执行playbook脚本文件
ansible-playbook push_key.yml输出结果如下表示执行成功：
# ansible-playbook push_key.yml
PLAY
TASK
ok:
ok:
ok:
TASK
changed:
changed:
changed:
PLAY RECAP
192.168.0.10 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.0.11 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.0.12 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[*]测试是否可以免密
[*]将ansible.cfg配置文件中的host_key_checking = False注释掉
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/00bb6f83c524439f1afea2a4bb151b56.png
2. 删除hosts文件主机后面的用户名和密码https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/772a7c5da472031ce7a8691613676622.png
3. 测试执行ping命令ansible all -m ping输出结果如下：
192.168.0.10 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
192.168.0.12 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
192.168.0.11 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"}
[*]再次测试
直接在ansible主机上，使用ssh命令测试是否可以免密登录
ssh root@192.168.0.11无需输入密码即可登录成功
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/032b7a15029599a5f1ae3a914564040e.png
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/blxt/p/18515082/ansible-openEuler
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