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ansible干啥用的就不多介绍了,这篇文章主要在说ansible的安装、开局配置、免密登录。
ansible安装
- cat /etc/openEuler-latest
复制代码 输出内容如下:
openeulerversion=openEuler-24.03-LTS
compiletime=2024-05-27-21-31-28
gccversion=12.3.1-30.oe2403
kernelversion=6.6.0-28.0.0.34.oe2403
openjdkversion=1.8.0.412.b08-5.oe2403
- # 不同系统版本需要安装不同的epel-release
- wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-testing.repo
复制代码- mv epel-testing.repo /etc/yum.repo.d/
- dnf clean all
- dnf makecache
复制代码 等待安装完成即可
开局配置
/etc/ansible/hosts ## 用于存放需要批量管理的主机IP或主机名称
/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg ## 该文件为ansible的主要配置文件
- 192.168.0.10 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号
- 192.168.0.11 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号
- 192.168.0.12 ansible_ssh_pass=主机密码 ansible_ssh_user=主机账号
复制代码ansible_ssh_pass:远程主机登录密码
ansible_ssh_user:远程主机登录账号
输出内容如下:
192.168.0.10 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this. Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
192.168.0.11 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this. Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
192.168.0.12 | FAILED! => {
"msg": "Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support
this. Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to
manage this host."
}
出现这个问题主要是因为ansible默认是没有开启账号密码登录的,默认采用证书登录,只需要在配置文件中把证书登录关闭就可以执行成功了。
进入/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg文件,将host_key_checking = False取消注释或者增加该内容即可
再次重新执行就不会有问题了,成功后输出内容如下
192.168.0.11 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
192.168.0.10 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
192.168.0.12 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
配置免密登录
一路回车即可,输出内容如下:
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:+RGyyNnrIHOLllk+e2hpNyTmxjBZkMY5vvDmTGuEh5g root@ecs-5352
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| . o |
| B |
| o o . . |
| . ...+ + . |
| o = ++ S . |
|E o @ + .o . |
| Bo%o=. . |
| O=@++ |
| o.+o=.. |
+----[SHA256]-----+
- - hosts: # 主机组
- remote_user: # 用户名
- tasks:
- - name: push ansible key
- authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file' ,'密钥存放位置')}}" state=present
复制代码 示例:- - hosts: all
- remote_user: root
- tasks:
- - name: push ansible key
- authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file' ,'/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub')}}" state=present
复制代码- ansible-playbook push_key.yml
复制代码 输出结果如下表示执行成功:
[root@ecs-5352 yml]# ansible-playbook push_key.yml
PLAY [all]
TASK [Gathering Facts]
ok: [192.168.0.10]
ok: [192.168.0.12]
ok: [192.168.0.11]
TASK [push ansible key]
changed: [192.168.0.10]
changed: [192.168.0.12]
changed: [192.168.0.11]
PLAY RECAP
192.168.0.10 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.0.11 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
192.168.0.12 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
- 测试是否可以免密
- 将ansible.cfg配置文件中的host_key_checking = False注释掉
输出结果如下:
192.168.0.10 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
192.168.0.12 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
192.168.0.11 | SUCCESS => {- "ansible_facts": {
- "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
- },
- "changed": false,
- "ping": "pong"
复制代码 }
直接在ansible主机上,使用ssh命令测试是否可以免密登录无需输入密码即可登录成功
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/blxt/p/18515082/ansible-openEuler
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