|
Docker的常用命令
帮助命令
- docker version # docker版本
- docker info # 显示docker的系统信息,包括镜像和容器的数量
- docker [命令] --help # 查看某个具体的命令
复制代码 镜像命令
查看下载的所有镜像- # docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- mysql 5.6 8de95e6026c3 20 hours ago 302MB
- redis latest 36304d3b4540 12 days ago 104MB
- mysql latest 30f937e841c8 2 weeks ago 541MB
- centos/mysql-57-centos7 latest f83a2938370c 8 months ago 452MB
-
复制代码 解释
REPOSITORY 镜像的仓库名
TAG 镜像的标签
IMAGE ID 镜像ID
CREATED 镜像创建时间
SIZE 镜像的大小
可选项
Options:
-a, --all # 列出所有镜像
-q, --quiet # 只显示镜像ID
搜索镜像- # docker search jdk
- NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
- ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 15147 [OK]
- websphere-liberty WebSphere Liberty multi-architecture images … 290 [OK]
- ubuntu-upstart DEPRECATED, as is Upstart (find other proces… 112 [OK]
- neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s… 94 [OK]
- ubuntu/nginx Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we… 64
- open-liberty Open Liberty multi-architecture images based… 55 [OK]
- ubuntu-debootstrap DEPRECATED; use "ubuntu" instead 49 [OK]
-
- # 可选项,通过收藏来过滤
- --filter=stars=3000 # 搜索出来的镜像收藏就是大于3000的
复制代码 下载镜像- # docker pull
- [root@CZP ~] # docker pull nginx [:tag]
- Using default tag: latest # 如果不写tag 默认使用最新版本
- latest: Pulling from library/nginx
- 8559a31e96f4: Pull complete # 分层下载,docker image核心 联合文件系统
- 8d69e59170f7: Pull complete
- 3f9f1ec1d262: Pull complete
- d1f5ff4f210d: Pull complete
- 1e22bfa8652e: Pull complete
- Digest: sha256:21f32f6c08406306d822a0e6e8b7dc81f53f336570e852e25fbe1e3e3d0d0133 # 签名
- Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
- docker.io/library/nginx:latest # 真实地址
- # docker pull nginx 等价于 dicker pull docker.io/library/nginx:latest
- #指定版本下载
复制代码 删除镜像- # docker rmi
- # 删除指定的容器
- [root@CZP ~]# docker rm -f 8de95e6026c3
- # 删除全部的容器
- [root@CZP ~]# docker rm -f $(docker -ap)
- # 删除包含none的容器
- docker rmi $(docker images | grep "none" | awk '{print $3}')
复制代码 容器命令
说明 : 有了镜像才可以创建容器,新建容器并启动- # docker run [可选参数] image
- # 参数说明
- --name="" 容器名字 用于区分容器
- -d 后台方式运行
- -it 使用交互方式运行,进入容器查看内容
- -p 指定容器的端口 -p 80:8080 主机端口:容器端口
- -P(大写) 随机指定容器的端口
复制代码 列出所有运行的容器- # docker ps 命令 (不加参数)列出当前正在运行的容器
- # 参数说明
- -a # 列出当前正在运行的容器+历史运行过的容器
- -n=? # 显示最近创建的容器
- -q # 只显示容器的编号
- [root@CZP ~]# docker ps
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- [root@CZP ~]# docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 919e58ff5521 redis "docker-entrypoint.s…" 20 hours ago Exited (0) 16 hours ago redis
复制代码 退出容器- exit # 直接容器停止并退出
- ctrl + p + q # 直接退出容器
复制代码 删除容器- docker rm 容器id # 删除指定容器(可一次删除多个,各id之间用空格隔开)
- docker rm -f[递归] $(docker ps -aq) # 递归删除所有的容器
- docker ps -a | xargs docker rm # 递归删除所有的容器
复制代码 启动和停止容器的操作- docker start 容器id # 启动容器
- docker restart 容器id # 重启容器
- docker stop 容器id # 停止当前正在运行的容器
- docker kill 容器id # 强制停止当前容器
复制代码 常用的其他命令
后台启动容器- # 命令docker run -d 镜像名
- # 常见的坑: docker容器后台运行,就必须要有一个前台进程,docker发现没有应用,就会自动停止
- #nginx, 容器启动后,发现自己没有提供服务,就会立刻停止,就是没有程序了
复制代码 查看日志- docker logs -f -t --tail 容器
- # 参数说明
- -tf # 显示日志
- --tail number # 要显示的日志条数
-
- [root@localhost ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 centosv1
- 2021-06-26T01:38:12.739000465Z [root@ef24fc0af36a /]# docker ps
- 2021-06-26T01:38:12.739180686Z bash: docker: command not found
- 2021-06-26T01:38:21.504914487Z [root@ef24fc0af36a /]# exit
- 2021-06-26T01:38:21.504931415Z exit
-
复制代码 查看容器中进程信息- docker top 容器id
- [root@CZP ~]# docker top 63d4c4115212
- UID PID PPID C STIME
- polkitd 2319 2301 0 12:33
复制代码 查看镜像元数据- # 命令
- docker inspect 容器id
- # 测试
- [root@CZP ~]# docker inspect 63d4c4115212
- [
- {
- "Id": "63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b",
- "Created": "2020-06-10T04:33:13.666827714Z",
- "Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh",
- "Args": [
- "redis-server"
- ],
- "State": {
- "Status": "running",
- "Running": true,
- "Paused": false,
- "Restarting": false,
- "OOMKilled": false,
- "Dead": false,
- "Pid": 2319,
- "ExitCode": 0,
- "Error": "",
- "StartedAt": "2020-06-10T04:33:14.008260846Z",
- "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
- },
- "Image": "sha256:36304d3b4540c5143673b2cefaba583a0426b57c709b5a35363f96a3510058cd",
- "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b/resolv.conf",
- "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b/hostname",
- "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b/hosts",
- "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b/63d4c41152126cae276b69e1100520f9d6d867f950e488b5488de68181b7870b-json.log",
- "Name": "/redis",
- "RestartCount": 0,
- "Driver": "overlay2",
- "Platform": "linux",
- "MountLabel": "",
- "ProcessLabel": "",
- "AppArmorProfile": "",
- "ExecIDs": null,
- "HostConfig": {
- "Binds": null,
- "ContainerIDFile": "",
- "LogConfig": {
- "Type": "json-file",
- "Config": {}
- },
- "NetworkMode": "default",
- "PortBindings": {
- "6379/tcp": [
- {
- "HostIp": "",
- "HostPort": "6379"
- }
- ]
- },
- "RestartPolicy": {
- "Name": "no",
- "MaximumRetryCount": 0
- },
- "AutoRemove": false,
- "VolumeDriver": "",
- "VolumesFrom": null,
- "CapAdd": null,
- "CapDrop": null,
- "Capabilities": null,
- "Dns": [],
- "DnsOptions": [],
- "DnsSearch": [],
- "ExtraHosts": null,
- "GroupAdd": null,
- "IpcMode": "private",
- "Cgroup": "",
- "Links": null,
- "OomScoreAdj": 0,
- "PidMode": "",
- "Privileged": false,
- "PublishAllPorts": false,
- "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
- "SecurityOpt": null,
- "UTSMode": "",
- "UsernsMode": "",
- "ShmSize": 67108864,
- "Runtime": "runc",
- "ConsoleSize": [
- 0,
- 0
- ],
- "Isolation": "",
- "CpuShares": 0,
- "Memory": 0,
- "NanoCpus": 0,
- "CgroupParent": "",
- "BlkioWeight": 0,
- "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
- "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
- "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
- "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
- "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
- "CpuPeriod": 0,
- "CpuQuota": 0,
- "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
- "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
- "CpusetCpus": "",
- "CpusetMems": "",
- "Devices": [],
- "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
- "DeviceRequests": null,
- "KernelMemory": 0,
- "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
- "MemoryReservation": 0,
- "MemorySwap": 0,
- "MemorySwappiness": null,
- "OomKillDisable": false,
- "PidsLimit": null,
- "Ulimits": null,
- "CpuCount": 0,
- "CpuPercent": 0,
- "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
- "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
- "MaskedPaths": [
- "/proc/asound",
- "/proc/acpi",
- "/proc/kcore",
- "/proc/keys",
- "/proc/latency_stats",
- "/proc/timer_list",
- "/proc/timer_stats",
- "/proc/sched_debug",
- "/proc/scsi",
- "/sys/firmware"
- ],
- "ReadonlyPaths": [
- "/proc/bus",
- "/proc/fs",
- "/proc/irq",
- "/proc/sys",
- "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
- ]
- },
- "GraphDriver": {
- "Data": {
- "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/db63749d3abd5e587a88360e27fc9b5b0db7069b45e2bd8c48c75e25eba89100-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/30d298e0d46edd68a8cbb588247384b9516d1140f5ca592b7f0b1c04618111f0/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/af6963cd652870740eec10549b2a6c8f08b94edb3a3cea1a42d727026bb6d5a0/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/af514c78199cdcfb30194921b892782dacbe1a3f439167f2f434b2f5a55ab5c3/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b1e020f1a03a66483794af0cf20d59e8dfa471f692ecaa145398d30500370a2a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e55685d1f4ea504c3df5c3cbe822ab000f6412d3eff50b6b8ba097fb551ad922/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/df78a0d3f0dbc449650ce5605d67ff45e93dbadc4fe93d2b7552203a31ab46a8/diff",
- "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/db63749d3abd5e587a88360e27fc9b5b0db7069b45e2bd8c48c75e25eba89100/merged",
- "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/db63749d3abd5e587a88360e27fc9b5b0db7069b45e2bd8c48c75e25eba89100/diff",
- "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/db63749d3abd5e587a88360e27fc9b5b0db7069b45e2bd8c48c75e25eba89100/work"
- },
- "Name": "overlay2"
- },
- "Mounts": [
- {
- "Type": "volume",
- "Name": "f544b94e9e0129e7f438b851edbfc94a82c96e6fdda44179d38e20f800878a6a",
- "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/f544b94e9e0129e7f438b851edbfc94a82c96e6fdda44179d38e20f800878a6a/_data",
- "Destination": "/data",
- "Driver": "local",
- "Mode": "",
- "RW": true,
- "Propagation": ""
- }
- ],
- "Config": {
- "Hostname": "63d4c4115212",
- "Domainname": "",
- "User": "",
- "AttachStdin": false,
- "AttachStdout": false,
- "AttachStderr": false,
- "ExposedPorts": {
- "6379/tcp": {}
- },
- "Tty": false,
- "OpenStdin": false,
- "StdinOnce": false,
- "Env": [
- "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
- "GOSU_VERSION=1.12",
- "REDIS_VERSION=6.0.4",
- "REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL=http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.0.4.tar.gz",
- "REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA=3337005a1e0c3aa293c87c313467ea8ac11984921fab08807998ba765c9943de"
- ],
- "Cmd": [
- "redis-server"
- ],
- "Image": "36304d3b4540",
- "Volumes": {
- "/data": {}
- },
- "WorkingDir": "/data",
- "Entrypoint": [
- "docker-entrypoint.sh"
- ],
- "OnBuild": null,
- "Labels": {}
- },
- "NetworkSettings": {
- "Bridge": "",
- "SandboxID": "5f8321169dfd067e45f2921d73984d0d76e953cd642d93990d1ed8a3227ad53f",
- "HairpinMode": false,
- "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
- "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
- "Ports": {
- "6379/tcp": [
- {
- "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
- "HostPort": "6379"
- }
- ]
- },
- "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/5f8321169dfd",
- "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
- "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
- "EndpointID": "33eafd9f86d5e7a3b29ed09fe75d8eb27e0227a07607960550dfef7f620a6872",
- "Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
- "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
- "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
- "IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
- "IPPrefixLen": 16,
- "IPv6Gateway": "",
- "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
- "Networks": {
- "bridge": {
- "IPAMConfig": null,
- "Links": null,
- "Aliases": null,
- "NetworkID": "228826a97a0b066a01811c098e4c4985804598571b9c8d9ad4205a0ee75c8b5b",
- "EndpointID": "33eafd9f86d5e7a3b29ed09fe75d8eb27e0227a07607960550dfef7f620a6872",
- "Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
- "IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
- "IPPrefixLen": 16,
- "IPv6Gateway": "",
- "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
- "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
- "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
- "DriverOpts": null
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 进入当前正在运行的容器- # 我们通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的,需要进入容器,修改一些配置
- # 命令
- docker exec -it 容器id bashshell 默认命令行
- docker attach 容器id
- # docker exec # 进入容器后开启一个新的终端,可以在里面操作(常用)
- # docker attach # 进入容器正在执行的终端,不会启动新的进程
复制代码 来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/bloodcolding/p/17073125.html
免责声明:由于采集信息均来自互联网,如果侵犯了您的权益,请联系我们【E-Mail:cb@itdo.tech】 我们会及时删除侵权内容,谢谢合作! |
|