打造真实感十足的速度表盘：WPF实现动态效果与刻度绘制

叶从峰

 
概述：这个WPF项目通过XAML绘制汽车动态速度表盘，实现了0-300的速度刻度，包括数字、指针，并通过定时器模拟速度变化，展示了动态效果。详细实现包括界面设计、刻度绘制、指针角度计算等，通过C#代码与XAML文件结合完成。

• 新建 WPF 项目： 在 Visual Studio 中创建一个新的 WPF 项目。
  
• 设计界面： 使用 XAML 设计速度表的界面。你可以使用 Canvas 控件来绘制表盘、刻度、指针等。确保设置好布局和样式。
  

1. <Window x:
2. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
3.    
4. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
5.    
6. </Canvas>xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
7. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
8.    
9. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
10.    
11. </Canvas>xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
12. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
13.    
14. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
15.    
16. </Canvas>Title="Speedometer" Height="400" Width="400">
17. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
18.    
19. </Canvas><Grid>
20. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
21.    
22. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
23.    
24. </Canvas><Canvas>
25. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
26.    
27. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
28.    
29. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
30.    
31. </Canvas>
32. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
33.    
34. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
35.    
36. </Canvas></Canvas>
37. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
38.    
39. </Canvas></Grid>
40. </Window>

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• 绘制表盘和刻度： 在 Canvas 中使用 Ellipse 绘制表盘，使用 Line 绘制刻度。同时，添加数字标签。
  

1. [/code][list=1]
2. [*][b]实现动态效果[/b]： 在代码文件中，使用定时器或者动画来实现指针的动态变化效果。在 MainWindow.xaml.cs 文件中添加以下代码：
3. [/list][code]using System;
4. using System.Windows;
5. using System.Windows.Media;
6. using System.Windows.Shapes;
7. using System.Windows.Threading;
9. namespace YourNamespace
10. {
11. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
12.    
13. </Canvas>public partial class MainWindow : Window
14. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
15.    
16. </Canvas>{
17. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
18.    
19. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
20.    
21. </Canvas>private double currentSpeed = 0;
22. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
23.    
24. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
25.    
26. </Canvas>private const double MaxSpeed = 300;
28. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
29.    
30. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
31.    
32. </Canvas>private readonly Line speedPointer;
34. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
35.    
36. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
37.    
38. </Canvas>public MainWindow()
39. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
40.    
41. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
42.    
43. </Canvas>{
44. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
45.    
46. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
47.    
48. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
49.    
50. </Canvas>InitializeComponent();
51. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
52.    
53. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
54.    
55. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
56.    
57. </Canvas>
58. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
59.    
60. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
61.    
62. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
63.    
64. </Canvas>// 初始化指针
65. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
66.    
67. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
68.    
69. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
70.    
71. </Canvas>speedPointer = new Line
72. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
73.    
74. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
75.    
76. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
77.    
78. </Canvas>{
79. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
80.    
81. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
82.    
83. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
84.    
85. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
86.    
87. </Canvas>X1 = 200,
88. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
89.    
90. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
91.    
92. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
93.    
94. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
95.    
96. </Canvas>Y1 = 200,
97. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
98.    
99. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
100.    
101. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
102.    
103. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
104.    
105. </Canvas>Stroke = Brushes.Red,
106. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
107.    
108. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
109.    
110. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
111.    
112. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
113.    
114. </Canvas>StrokeThickness = 3
115. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
116.    
117. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
118.    
119. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
120.    
121. </Canvas>};
122. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
123.    
124. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
125.    
126. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
127.    
128. </Canvas>canvas.Children.Add(speedPointer);
130. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
131.    
132. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
133.    
134. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
135.    
136. </Canvas>// 使用定时器更新速度
137. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
138.    
139. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
140.    
141. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
142.    
143. </Canvas>var timer = new DispatcherTimer { Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100) };
144. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
145.    
146. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
147.    
148. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
149.    
150. </Canvas>timer.Tick += Timer_Tick;
151. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
152.    
153. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
154.    
155. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
156.    
157. </Canvas>timer.Start();
158. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
159.    
160. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
161.    
162. </Canvas>}
164. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
165.    
166. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
167.    
168. </Canvas>private void Timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
169. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
170.    
171. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
172.    
173. </Canvas>{
174. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
175.    
176. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
177.    
178. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
179.    
180. </Canvas>// 模拟速度变化
181. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
182.    
183. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
184.    
185. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
186.    
187. </Canvas>currentSpeed = currentSpeed < MaxSpeed ? currentSpeed + 5 : 0;
189. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
190.    
191. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
192.    
193. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
194.    
195. </Canvas>// 更新指针角度
196. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
197.    
198. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
199.    
200. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
201.    
202. </Canvas>UpdateSpeedometer();
203. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
204.    
205. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
206.    
207. </Canvas>}
209. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
210.    
211. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
212.    
213. </Canvas>private void UpdateSpeedometer()
214. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
215.    
216. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
217.    
218. </Canvas>{
219. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
220.    
221. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
222.    
223. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
224.    
225. </Canvas>// 计算指针角度
226. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
227.    
228. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
229.    
230. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
231.    
232. </Canvas>double angle = currentSpeed / MaxSpeed * 270 - 135;
234. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
235.    
236. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
237.    
238. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
239.    
240. </Canvas>// 使用 RotateTransform 旋转指针
241. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
242.    
243. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
244.    
245. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
246.    
247. </Canvas>var rotateTransform = new RotateTransform(angle);
248. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
249.    
250. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
251.    
252. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
253.    
254. </Canvas>speedPointer.RenderTransform = rotateTransform;
255. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
256.    
257. </Canvas><Canvas x:Name="canvas">
258.    
259. </Canvas>}
260. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
261.    
262. </Canvas>}
263. }

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这个例子中，我们使用了一个定时器（DispatcherTimer）来模拟速度的变化，并在定时器的 Tick 事件中更新指针的角度。UpdateSpeedometer 方法根据当前速度计算出指针的角度，并使用 RotateTransform 进行旋转。
确保在 MainWindow.xaml 文件中的 Canvas 中添加了名称为 canvas 的属性：

1. <Canvas x:Name="canvas">
2.    
3. </Canvas>

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运行效果如：

 
这是一个基本的实例，你可以根据需要进一步优化和扩展，例如添加动画效果、改进界面设计等。
 
源代码获取：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1J4_nbFklHbpqsgfwAfTiIw?pwd=6666
 

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/hanbing81868164/p/18076722
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