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因工作需要,要在图片中显示中文字符,并且要求速度足够快,在网上搜罗一番后,总结下几个解决方法。
1.方法一:转PIL后使用PIL相关函数添加中文字符
- from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
- import cv2
- import numpy as np
- # cv2读取图片,名称不能有汉字
- img = cv2.imread('pic1.jpeg')
- # cv2和PIL中颜色的hex码的储存顺序不同
- cv2img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
- pilimg = Image.fromarray(cv2img)
- # PIL图片上打印汉字
- draw = ImageDraw.Draw(pilimg) # 图片上打印
- #simsun 宋体
- font = ImageFont.truetype("simsun.ttf", 40, encoding="utf-8")
- #位置,文字,颜色==红色,字体引入
- draw.text((20, 20), "你好", (255, 0, 0), font=font)
- # PIL图片转cv2 图片
- cv2charimg = cv2.cvtColor(np.array(pilimg), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
- cv2.imshow("img", cv2charimg)
- cv2.waitKey (0)
- cv2.destroyAllWindows()
复制代码 存在的缺点:cv2->pil 中 Image.fromarray(img)存在耗时4~5ms
2.方法二:opencv重新编译带freetype
编译过程略。- import cv2
- import numpy as np
- # 创建一个黑色的图像
- img = np.zeros((300, 500, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
- # 中文文本
- text = '你好,OpenCV!'
- # 设置字体相关参数
- font_path = 'path/to/your/chinese/font.ttf' # 替换为你的中文字体文件路径
- font_size = 24
- font_color = (255, 255, 255)
- thickness = 2
- # 使用 truetype 字体加载中文字体
- font = cv2.freetype.createFreeType2()
- font.loadFontData(font_path)
- # 在图像上放置中文文本
- position = (50, 150)
- font.putText(img, text, position, font_size, font_color, thickness=thickness)
- # 显示图像
- cv2.imshow('Image with Chinese Text', img)
- cv2.waitKey(0)
- cv2.destroyAllWindows()
复制代码 缺点:编译过程复杂繁琐,容易报一些列的错误,编译时确保已安装第三方库freetype和harfbuzz,并且配置编译参数时需打开freetype。
3.方法三:使用freetype-py
ft.py- import numpy as np
- import freetype
- import copy
- import pdb
- import time
- class PutChineseText(object):
- def __init__(self, ttf, text_size):
- self._face = freetype.Face(ttf)
- hscale = 1.0
- self.matrix = freetype.Matrix(int(hscale)*0x10000, int(0.2*0x10000),int(0.0*0x10000), int(1.1*0x10000))
- self.cur_pen = freetype.Vector()
- self.pen_translate = freetype.Vector()
- self._face.set_transform(self.matrix, self.pen_translate)
- self._face.set_char_size(text_size * 64)
- metrics = self._face.size
- ascender = metrics.ascender/64.0
- #descender = metrics.descender/64.0
- #height = metrics.height/64.0
- #linegap = height - ascender + descender
- self.ypos = int(ascender)
- self.pen = freetype.Vector()
- def draw_text(self, image, pos, text, text_color):
- '''
- draw chinese(or not) text with ttf
- :param image: image(numpy.ndarray) to draw text
- :param pos: where to draw text
- :param text: the context, for chinese should be unicode type
- :param text_size: text size
- :param text_color:text color
- :return: image
- '''
- # if not isinstance(text, unicode):
- # text = text.decode('utf-8')
- img = self.draw_string(image, pos[0], pos[1]+self.ypos, text, text_color)
- return img
- def draw_string(self, img, x_pos, y_pos, text, color):
- '''
- draw string
- :param x_pos: text x-postion on img
- :param y_pos: text y-postion on img
- :param text: text (unicode)
- :param color: text color
- :return: image
- '''
- prev_char = 0
- self.pen.x = x_pos << 6 # div 64
- self.pen.y = y_pos << 6
- image = copy.deepcopy(img)
- for cur_char in text:
- self._face.load_char(cur_char)
- # kerning = self._face.get_kerning(prev_char, cur_char)
- # pen.x += kerning.x
- slot = self._face.glyph
- bitmap = slot.bitmap
- self.pen.x += 0
- self.cur_pen.x = self.pen.x
- self.cur_pen.y = self.pen.y - slot.bitmap_top * 64
- self.draw_ft_bitmap(image, bitmap, self.cur_pen, color)
- self.pen.x += slot.advance.x
- prev_char = cur_char
- return image
- def draw_ft_bitmap(self, img, bitmap, pen, color):
- '''
- draw each char
- :param bitmap: bitmap
- :param pen: pen
- :param color: pen color e.g.(0,0,255) - red
- :return: image
- '''
- x_pos = pen.x >> 6
- y_pos = pen.y >> 6
- cols = bitmap.width
- rows = bitmap.rows
- glyph_pixels = bitmap.buffer
- for row in range(rows):
- for col in range(cols):
- if glyph_pixels[row*cols + col] != 0:
- img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][0] = color[0]
- img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][1] = color[1]
- img[y_pos + row][x_pos + col][2] = color[2]
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- # just for test
- import cv2
- line = '你好'
- img = np.zeros([300,300,3])
- color_ = (0,255,0) # Green
- pos = (40, 40)
- text_size = 24
- ft = PutChineseText('font/simsun.ttc',text_size=20)
- t1 = time.time()
- image = ft.draw_text(img, pos, line, color_)
- print(f'draw load . ({time.time() - t1:.3f}s)')
- cv2.imshow('ss', image)
- cv2.waitKey(0)
复制代码 缺点:每个字符耗时在0.3~1ms左右,耗时略大。
4.方法四:使用OpenCV5.0
4.1 编译opencv5.x版本
编译过程较复杂,不推荐。
4.2 使用rolling版本
卸载原先安装的opencv- pip uninstall opencv-python
- pip uninstall opencv-contrib-python
复制代码 安装rolling版本- pip install opencv-python-rolling
- pip install opencv-contrib-python-rolling
复制代码 安装完毕后,cv2.putText即可支持中文字符。
缺点:5.0版本暂未正式发布,可能存在不稳定情况
优点:耗时几乎没有
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