DNS/DHCP 服务器

黄聪波

DNS/DHCP 服务器（Dnsmasq）

（01）安装Dnsmasq

Dnsmasq：安装
  安装 Dnsmasq，它是轻量级的 DNS 转发器和 DHCP 服务器软件。
[1]  安装 Dnsmasq。

1. root@dlp:~# apt -y install dnsmasq

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[2]  配置 Dnsmasq。

1. root@dlp:~# vi /etc/dnsmasq.conf
2. # line 19 : uncomment
3. # never forward plain names
4. domain-needed
5. # line 21 : uncomment
6. # never forward addresses in the non-routed address spaces
7. bogus-priv
8. # line 53 : uncomment
9. # query with each server strictly in the order in resolv.conf
10. strict-order
11. # line 67 : add if you need
12. # query the specific domain name to the specific DNS server
13. # the example follows means query [server.education] domain to the [10.0.0.10] server
14. server=/server.education/10.0.0.10
15. # line 116 : uncomment and specify network interfaces to bind
16. interface=enp1s0
17. # line 134 : uncomment
18. bind-interfaces
19. # line 145 : uncomment to add domain name on hostname automatically
20. expand-hosts
21. # line 155 : add to set domain name
22. domain=srv.world
23. # change the link according to man page of systemd-resolved in order to avoid conflicting on 53
24. root@dlp:~# ln -fs /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
25. root@dlp:~# systemctl restart dnsmasq systemd-resolved

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[3]  对于 DNS 记录，请将其添加到 [/etc/hosts] 中。然后，Dnsmasq 将回答客户的查询。

1. root@dlp:~# vi /etc/hosts
2. # add DNS entries
3. 10.0.0.30       dlp.srv.world dlp
4. 10.0.0.31       www.srv.world www
6. root@dlp:~# systemctl reload dnsmasq

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[4]  验证网络中客户端主机的名称或地址解析。
root@desktop:~# vi /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml# change DNS setting to refer to Dnsmasq Server 

1. nameservers:
2.   addresses: [10.0.0.30]

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root@desktop:~# netplan apply
root@desktop:~# grep nameserver /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
nameserver 10.0.0.30root@desktop:~# 
dig dlp.srv.world.
root@desktop:~# 
dig -x 10.0.0.30[code];  DiG 9.18.24-0ubuntu5-Ubuntu  dlp.srv.world.;; global options: +cmd;; Got answer:;; ->>HEADERHEADER