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函数重载
JavaScript并没有提供函数重载
TypeScript提供的函数重载,仅仅用作提示效果,实现还需手动- 函数重载简单点说就是,同一个函数的不同实现方式,根据传入的参数的类型或者长度,决定最终调用哪一个实现
复制代码 最终效果,TypeScript的类型校验也会变化
code
创建函数重载函数
根据参数的类型,调用不同的实现,如果没有对应的实现,则报错。- export function createOverload () {
- const map: Map<string, Function> = new Map();
- const overload = ( ...args: any[] ) => {
- const key = args.map( it => typeof it ).join( " " );
- const fn = map.get( key );
- if ( !fn ) throw new Error( "No overload function matched" );
- return fn( args );
- };
- overload.addImpl = function ( args: Array<"number" | "string" | "boolean" | "function" | "object" | "symbol" | "undefined" | "bigint">, fn: Function ) {
- if ( typeof fn !== "function" ) throw new Error( "last argument must be a function" );
- const key = args.join( " " );
- map.set( key, fn );
- };
- return overload;
- }
复制代码
使用
- const overload = createOverload()
-
- overload.addImpl(["string","number"],()=>{
- console.log("string number")
- })
- overload.addImpl(["number","string"],()=>{
- console.log("number string")
- })
-
- overload("yang jun",18) // console.log("string number")
- overload(18,"yang jun") // console.log("number string")
复制代码 封装一层,因为上述使用没有代码提示,离了代码提示活不下去了
创建抽象类。
在JS中创建抽象类方法,在construct中执行- if( new.target === Overload ) throw new Error("不允许直接new")
复制代码 在下述实现中,转为 es6 类实现,新增了重载函数的映射表,用于继承类的多个函数的重载。- export abstract class Overload {
- private overloads = new Map<string, Function>();
- protected addImpl ( name: string, args: Array<"string" | "number" | "bigint" | "boolean" | "symbol" | "undefined" | "object" | "function">, fn: Function ) {
- let overload = null;
- if ( this.overloads.has( name ) ) {
- overload = this.overloads.get( name );
- } else {
- overload = createOverload();
- this.overloads.set( name, overload );
- }
- overload.addImpl( args, fn );
- };
- protected getOverload ( name: string ): Function | undefined {
- if ( this.overloads.has( name ) ) return this.overloads.get( name );
- throw new Error( "No overload matched" );
- }
- }
复制代码 使用
非常舒服,再也不用自己在函数中写一串的 if 了- import { Overload } from "./utils";
- class Test extends Overload {
- constructor () {
- super();
- this.addImpl( "getInfo", [ "boolean", "number", "string" ], () => {
- console.log( "boolean", "number", "string" );
- } );
- this.addImpl( "getInfo", [ "number", "string", "boolean" ], () => {
- console.log( "number", "string", "boolean" );
- } );
- this.addImpl( "getInfo", [ "string", "number", "boolean" ], () => {
- console.log( "string", "number", "boolean" );
- } );
- }
- getInfo ( age: number, name: string, isHandsome: boolean ): Object;
- getInfo ( isHandsome: boolean, age: number, name: string ): Object;
- getInfo ( name: string, age: number, isHandsome: boolean ): Object;
- getInfo (): Object {
- const overload = this.getOverload( "getInfo" );
- return overload( ...arguments );
- }
- getName ( name: string ) {
- }
- }
- const test = new Test();
- test.getInfo( 18, "yang jun", true ); // console.log( "number", "string", "boolean" );
- test.getInfo( "yang jun", 18, true ); // console.log( "string", "number", "boolean" );
- test.getInfo( true, 18, "yang jun" ); // console.log( "boolean", "number", "string" );
复制代码 以上就是Typescript 实现函数重载的方式的详细内容,更多关于Typescript函数重载的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章!
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