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playwright也是可以做接口测试的,但个人觉得还是没有requests库强大,但和selenium相比的话,略胜一筹,毕竟支持API登录,也就是说可以不用交互直接调用接口操作了。
怎么用
既然是API的测试了,那肯定就别搞UI自动化那套,搞什么浏览器交互,那叫啥API测试,纯属扯淡。
也不像有些博主更懒,直接贴的官方例子,难道我用你再帮我复制一次?
来下面,说明下使用playwright如何做API测试?
实例化request对象
示例代码如下:- playwright.request.new_context()
复制代码 没错,实例化后,就是调API,看吧,其实也不是很难是不是?
实战举栗
这里用我自己写的学生管理系统的部分接口来做演示,并对部分常用api做以说明,代码示例都是用同步的写法。
1、GET请求
示例如下:- def testQueryStudent(playwright: Playwright):
- """
- 查询学生
- """
- url = 'http://localhost:8090/studentFindById'
- param = {
- 'id': 105
- }
- request_context = playwright.request.new_context()
- response = request_context.get(url=url, params=param)
- assert response.ok
- assert response.json()
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
2、POST请求
示例代码:- def testAddStudent(playwright: Playwright):
- """
- 新增学生
- :return:
- """
- url = 'http://localhost:8090/studentAdd'
- request_body = {
- "className": "banji",
- "courseName": "wuli",
- "email": "ales@qq.com",
- "name": "ales",
- "score": 70,
- "sex": "boy",
- "studentId": "92908290"
- }
- header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
- request_context = playwright.request.new_context()
- response = request_context.post(url=url, headers=header, data=request_body)
- assert response.ok
- assert response.json()
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
3、PUT请求
示例代码:- def testUpdateStudents(playwright: Playwright):
- """
- 修改学生
- """
- url = 'http://localhost:8090/studentUpdate/100'
- param = {
- 'studentId': "id" + str(100),
- 'name': "name" + str(100),
- 'score': 100,
- "sex": "girl",
- "className": "class" + str(100),
- "courseName": "course" + str(100),
- "email": str(100) + "email@qq.com"
- }
- request_context = playwright.request.new_context()
- response = request_context.put(url=url, form=param)
- assert response.ok
- assert response.json()
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
4、DELETE请求
示例代码:- def testDeleteStudents(playwright: Playwright):
- """
- 删除学生
- """
- url = 'http://localhost:8090/studentDelete/' + str(105)
- request_context = playwright.request.new_context()
- response = request_context.delete(url=url)
- assert response.ok
- assert response.json()
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
5、上传文件
这个是特例吧,按照官方给的方法,我真的是死活也不能成功,一直都是提示上上传文件不能为空,也不到为啥,结果我用了一个替代方案,就是抓包模拟的构造入参,才成功,也是曲折呀。
示例代码:- def test_upload_file(playwright: Playwright):
- '''
- 上传文件
- :param playwright:
- :return:
- '''
- # 创建请求上下文
- request_context = playwright.request.new_context()
- # 定义上传文件的URL
- upload_url = "http://localhost:8090/fileUpload"
- # 文件路径
- file_path = "d:/demo.txt"
- # 获取文件名和MIME类型
- filename = file_path.split('/')[-1]
- mime_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(file_path)
- if not mime_type:
- mime_type = 'application/octet-stream'
- # 读取文件内容
- with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
- file_content = file.read()
- # 构造multipart/form-data的边界字符串
- boundary = '---------------------' + str(random.randint(1e28, 1e29 - 1))
- # 构造请求体
- body = (
- f'--{boundary}\r\n'
- f'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="{filename}"\r\n'
- f'Content-Type: {mime_type}\r\n\r\n'
- f'{file_content.decode("utf-8") if mime_type.startswith("text/") else file_content.hex()}'
- f'\r\n--{boundary}--\r\n'
- ).encode('utf-8')
- # 设置请求头
- headers = {
- 'Content-Type': f'multipart/form-data; boundary={boundary}',
- }
- # 发起POST请求
- response = request_context.post(upload_url, data=body, headers=headers)
- # 检查响应
- assert response.status == 200, f"Upload failed with status: {response.status}"
- assert response.ok
- assert response.json()
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
官方写法:- # 读取文件内容
- with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
- file_content = file.read()
- response = request_context.post(upload_url, multipart={
- "fileField": {
- "name": "demo.txt",
- "mimeType": "text/plain",
- "buffer": file_content,
- }
- })
- print('\n', response.json())
复制代码 效果:
官方写法,我不知道为啥,有大侠知道,还请帮忙给个例子,小弟不胜感激呀!
写在最后
我还是觉得微软很强呀,这套框架确实比selenium略胜一筹,综合来看。
终于有时间了,来更新一篇,感觉文章对你有用,转发留言都可,谢谢!
对了,那个上传文件的为啥不行,还请前辈们帮看一下呀!
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/longronglang/p/18344122
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