【UWP】在 UWP 中使用 Windows App SDK

川哥创南洋 · 发表于 3 小时前

众所周知，WAS (Windows App SDK，俗称 WinUI3)在刚开始是支持 UWP 的，甚至最早只支持 UWP，但是微软在正式版发布前删除了对 UWP 的支持，不过真的删除了吗？初生之鸟在2023年10月发现在 VS 调试下无视报错继续运行可以正常在 UWP 加载 WAS。随着 WAS 的开源，WAS 阻止在 UWP 上运行的原因也被找到，至此大家终于找到在 UWP 上使用 WAS 的方法了。
WAS 阻止在 UWP 上运行的方法很简单，就是检查注册表HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WinUI\Xaml\EnableUWPWindow是否为00000001，如果不是就直接报错。
Window_Partial.cpp#L80-L114

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
// IWindow
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Window::Window()
{
// The first window created internally by DXamlCore _must_ be a UWP Window. DXamlCore
// requires and controls the lifetime of a hidden UWP Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Window.
// note that this Window instance will be the 'real' window for UWP instances, but
// serves as a dummy for all other instances. dummy behavior is deprecated and being removed.
auto dxamlCore = DXamlCore::GetCurrent();
Window* window = dxamlCore->GetDummyWindowNoRef();
if (!window)
{
// Do a runtime check to see if UWP should be enabled
static auto runtimeEnabledFeatureDetector = RuntimeFeatureBehavior::GetRuntimeEnabledFeatureDetector();
auto UWPWindowEnabled = runtimeEnabledFeatureDetector->IsFeatureEnabled(RuntimeEnabledFeature::EnableUWPWindow);
// WinUI UWP
if (!UWPWindowEnabled && DXamlCore::GetCurrent()->GetHandle()->GetInitializationType() != InitializationType::IslandsOnly)
{
::RoOriginateError(
E_NOT_SUPPORTED,
wrl_wrappers::HStringReference(
L"WinUI: Error creating an UWP Window. Creating an UWP window is not allowed."
).Get());
XAML_FAIL_FAST();
}
m_spWindowImpl = std::make_shared<UWPWindowImpl>(this);
}
else
{
m_spWindowImpl = std::make_shared<DesktopWindowImpl>(this);
}
}

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Window_Partial.cpp#L80-L114

{ L"EnableUWPWindow", RuntimeEnabledFeature::EnableUWPWindow, false, 0, 0 }

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所以我们只需要修改注册表就行了。

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WinUI\Xaml]
"EnableUWPWindow"=dword:00000001

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但是到处修改注册表并不是一个好主意，于是初生之鸟便提出利用Detours来劫持读取注册表的方法：HookCoreAppWinUI。
我们将其翻译成 C#，再加一些小修改，便能得出如下内容：

#r "nuget:Detours.Win32Metadata"
#r "nuget:Microsoft.Windows.CsWin32"
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Windows.Win32;
using Windows.Win32.Foundation;
using Windows.Win32.System.Registry;
using Detours = Microsoft.Detours.PInvoke;
/// <summary>
/// Represents a hook for getting the value of the <c>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WinUI\Xaml\EnableUWPWindow</c> registry key always returning <see langword="00000001"/>.
/// </summary>
public partial class HookRegistry : IDisposable
{
/// <summary>
/// The value that indicates whether the class has been disposed.
/// </summary>
private bool disposed;
/// <summary>
/// The reference count for the hook.
/// </summary>
private static int refCount;
/// <summary>
/// The dictionary that maps the <see cref="HKEY"/> to a value that indicates whether the key is a real key.
/// </summary>
private static readonly Dictionary<HKEY, bool> xamlKeyMap = [];
/// <summary>
/// The object used to synchronize access to the <see cref="xamlKeyMap"/> dictionary.
/// </summary>
private static readonly object locker = new();
/// <remarks>The original <see cref="PInvoke.RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*)"/>
private static unsafe delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*, WIN32_ERROR> RegOpenKeyExW;
/// <remarks>The original <see cref="PInvoke.RegCloseKey(HKEY)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegCloseKey(HKEY)"/>
private static unsafe delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, WIN32_ERROR> RegCloseKey;
/// <remarks>The original <see cref="PInvoke.RegQueryValueEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegQueryValueEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*)"/>
private static unsafe delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*, WIN32_ERROR> RegQueryValueExW;
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="HookRegistry"/> class.
/// </summary>
public HookRegistry()
{
refCount++;
StartHook();
}
/// <summary>
/// Finalizes this instance of the <see cref="HookRegistry"/> class.
/// </summary>
~HookRegistry()
{
Dispose();
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the value that indicates whether the hook is active.
/// </summary>
public static bool IsHooked { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// Starts the hook for the <see cref="PInvoke.AppPolicyGetWindowingModel(HANDLE, AppPolicyWindowingModel*)"/> function.
/// </summary>
private static unsafe void StartHook()
{
if (!IsHooked)
{
using FreeLibrarySafeHandle library = PInvoke.GetModuleHandle("ADVAPI32.dll");
if (!library.IsInvalid
&& NativeLibrary.TryGetExport(library.DangerousGetHandle(), "RegOpenKeyExW", out nint regOpenKeyExW)
&& NativeLibrary.TryGetExport(library.DangerousGetHandle(), nameof(PInvoke.RegCloseKey), out nint regCloseKey)
&& NativeLibrary.TryGetExport(library.DangerousGetHandle(), "RegQueryValueExW", out nint regQueryValueExW))
{
void* regOpenKeyExWPtr = (void*)regOpenKeyExW;
void* regCloseKeyPtr = (void*)regCloseKey;
void* regQueryValueExWPtr = (void*)regQueryValueExW;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegOpenKeyExW = &OverrideRegOpenKeyExW;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegCloseKey = &OverrideRegCloseKey;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegQueryValueExW = &OverrideRegQueryValueExW;
_ = Detours.DetourRestoreAfterWith();
_ = Detours.DetourTransactionBegin();
_ = Detours.DetourUpdateThread(PInvoke.GetCurrentThread());
_ = Detours.DetourAttach(ref regOpenKeyExWPtr, overrideRegOpenKeyExW);
_ = Detours.DetourAttach(ref regCloseKeyPtr, overrideRegCloseKey);
_ = Detours.DetourAttach(ref regQueryValueExWPtr, overrideRegQueryValueExW);
_ = Detours.DetourTransactionCommit();
RegOpenKeyExW = (delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*, WIN32_ERROR>)regOpenKeyExWPtr;
RegCloseKey = (delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, WIN32_ERROR>)regCloseKeyPtr;
RegQueryValueExW = (delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*, WIN32_ERROR>)regQueryValueExWPtr;
IsHooked = true;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Ends the hook for the <see cref="PInvoke.AppPolicyGetWindowingModel(HANDLE, AppPolicyWindowingModel*)"/> function.
/// </summary>
public static unsafe void EndHook()
{
if (--refCount == 0 && IsHooked)
{
void* regOpenKeyExWPtr = RegOpenKeyExW;
void* regCloseKeyPtr = RegCloseKey;
void* regQueryValueExWPtr = RegQueryValueExW;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegOpenKeyExW = &OverrideRegOpenKeyExW;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegCloseKey = &OverrideRegCloseKey;
delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*, WIN32_ERROR> overrideRegQueryValueExW = &OverrideRegQueryValueExW;
_ = Detours.DetourTransactionBegin();
_ = Detours.DetourUpdateThread(PInvoke.GetCurrentThread());
_ = Detours.DetourDetach(&regOpenKeyExWPtr, overrideRegOpenKeyExW);
_ = Detours.DetourDetach(&regCloseKeyPtr, overrideRegCloseKey);
_ = Detours.DetourDetach(&regQueryValueExWPtr, overrideRegQueryValueExW);
_ = Detours.DetourTransactionCommit();
RegOpenKeyExW = null;
RegCloseKey = null;
RegQueryValueExW = null;
IsHooked = false;
}
}
/// <remarks>The overridden <see cref="PInvoke.RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint, REG_SAM_FLAGS, HKEY*)"/>
[UnmanagedCallersOnly(CallConvs = [typeof(CallConvStdcall)])]
private static unsafe WIN32_ERROR OverrideRegOpenKeyExW(HKEY hKey, PCWSTR lpSubKey, uint ulOptions, REG_SAM_FLAGS samDesired, HKEY* phkResult)
{
WIN32_ERROR result = RegOpenKeyExW(hKey, lpSubKey, ulOptions, samDesired, phkResult);
if (hKey == HKEY.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE && lpSubKey.ToString().Equals(@"Software\Microsoft\WinUI\Xaml", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
if (result == WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
{
HKEY key = new(HANDLE.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
xamlKeyMap[key] = false;
*phkResult = key;
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS;
}
else if (result == WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
xamlKeyMap[*phkResult] = true;
}
}
return result;
}
/// <remarks>The overridden <see cref="PInvoke.RegCloseKey(HKEY)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegCloseKey(HKEY)"/>
[UnmanagedCallersOnly(CallConvs = [typeof(CallConvStdcall)])]
private static unsafe WIN32_ERROR OverrideRegCloseKey(HKEY hKey)
{
bool isXamlKey;
lock (locker)
{
if (isXamlKey = xamlKeyMap.TryGetValue(hKey, out bool isRealKey))
{
xamlKeyMap.Remove(hKey);
}
return isXamlKey
? isRealKey
? RegCloseKey(hKey) // real key
: WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS // simulated key
: hKey == HANDLE.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
? WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE
: RegCloseKey(hKey);
}
}
/// <remarks>The overridden <see cref="PInvoke.RegQueryValueEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*)"/> function.</remarks>
/// <inheritdoc cref="PInvoke.RegQueryValueEx(HKEY, PCWSTR, uint*, REG_VALUE_TYPE*, byte*, uint*)"/>
[UnmanagedCallersOnly(CallConvs = [typeof(CallConvStdcall)])]
private static unsafe WIN32_ERROR OverrideRegQueryValueExW(HKEY hKey, PCWSTR lpValueName, [Optional] uint* lpReserved, [Optional] REG_VALUE_TYPE* lpType, [Optional] byte* lpData, [Optional] uint* lpcbData)
{
if (lpValueName.Value != default && lpValueName.ToString().Equals("EnableUWPWindow", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
lock (locker)
{
if (xamlKeyMap.TryGetValue(hKey, out bool isRealKey))
{
WIN32_ERROR result;
if (isRealKey)
{
// real key
result = RegQueryValueExW(hKey, lpValueName, lpReserved, lpType, lpData, lpcbData);
if (result == WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS && lpData != default)
{
*lpData = 1;
}
else if (result == WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
{
if (lpData == default && lpcbData != default)
{
*lpcbData = sizeof(int);
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS;
}
else if (lpData != default && lpcbData != default)
{
if (*lpcbData >= sizeof(int))
{
*lpData = 1;
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_MORE_DATA;
}
}
}
}
else
{
// simulated key
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
if (lpData == default && lpcbData != default)
{
*lpcbData = sizeof(int);
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS;
}
else if (lpData != default && lpcbData != default)
{
if (*lpcbData >= sizeof(int))
{
*lpData = 1;
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
result = WIN32_ERROR.ERROR_MORE_DATA;
}
}
}
return result;
}
}
}
return RegQueryValueExW(hKey, lpValueName, lpReserved, lpType, lpData, lpcbData);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public void Dispose()
{
if (!disposed && IsHooked)
{
EndHook();
}
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
disposed = true;
}
}

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随后我们只需要在入口点创建App时进行劫持就行了。

private static bool IsSupportCoreWindow
{
get
{
try
{
RegistryKey registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WinUI\Xaml");
return registryKey?.GetValue("EnableUWPWindow") is > 0;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
}
private static void Main()
{
ComWrappersSupport.InitializeComWrappers();
HookRegistry hookRegistry = null;
try
{
if (!IsSupportCoreWindow)
{
hookRegistry = new HookRegistry();
}
XamlCheckProcessRequirements();
Application.Start(p =>
{
DispatcherQueueSynchronizationContext context = new(DispatcherQueue.GetForCurrentThread());
SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(context);
_ = new App();
});
}
finally
{
hookRegistry?.Dispose();
}
}

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当然想要自定义入口函数，我们需要在csproj加上定义。

<DefineConstants>$(DefineConstants);DISABLE_XAML_GENERATED_MAIN</DefineConstants>

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同时还要记得在清单中明确入口点。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Package ...>
...
<Applications>
<Application ...
EntryPoint="明确的入口点">
...
</Application>
</Applications>
...
</Package>

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随后我们就可以正常的使用 UWP/WAS 了。
最后附上示例应用：https://github.com/wherewhere/CoreAppUWP/tree/muxc

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/wherewhere/p/18447226
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