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python+Tkinter+多线程
界面和多线程一向是编程里比较难的地方,常见的做法一般是界面一个线程,后台新开一个工作线程,这两个线程进行通信,这样可以让界面不至于为响应。
在python中可以利用队列完成整体的架构设计。
直接给大家看代码吧,一个简单实例,非常好的例子。- import Tkinter,time,threading,random,Queue
- class GuiPart():
- def __init__(self,master,queue,endCommand):
- self.queue=queue
- Tkinter.Button(master,text='Done',command=endCommand).pack()
- def processIncoming(self):
- while self.queue.qsize():
- try:
- msg=self.queue.get(0)
- print msg
- except Queue.Empty:
- pass
- class ThreadedClient():
- def __init__(self,master):
- self.master=master
- self.queue=Queue.Queue()
- self.gui=GuiPart(master,self.queue,self.endApplication)
- self.running=True
- self.thread1=threading.Thread(target=self.workerThread1)
- self.thread1.start()
- self.periodicCall()
- def periodicCall(self):
- self.master.after(200,self.periodicCall)
- self.gui.processIncoming()
- if not self.running:
- self.master.destroy()
- def workerThread1(self):
- #self.ott=Tkinter.Tk()
- #self.ott.mainloop()
- while self.running:
- time.sleep(rand.random()*1.5)
- msg=rand.random()
- self.queue.put(msg)
- def endApplication(self):
- self.running=False
- rand=random.Random()
- root=Tkinter.Tk()
- client=ThreadedClient(root)
- root.mainloop()
复制代码 tkinter与多线程问题
长时间执行后台任务,UI会处于无响应状态。在子线程里更新UI状态,听说是不允许的。在哪个线程里调用了tk.mainloop(),就只能在哪个线程里更新UI。
下例演示了如何更新。- import Tkinter as tk
- from ttk import *
- import time
- import Queue, threading
- class MainWindow:
- def __init__(self):
- self.root = tk.Tk()
- self.root.title('Demo')
- def show(self):
- self.progress = tk.IntVar()
- self.progress_max = 100
- self.progressbar = Progressbar(self.root, mode='determinate', orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, variable=self.progress, maximum=self.progress_max)
- self.progressbar.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
- self.progress.set(0)
- btn = tk.Button(self.root, text='start', command=self.start)
- btn.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=15, pady=5)
- self.btn = btn
- self.root.mainloop()
- def start(self):
- self.progress.set(0)
- self.btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
- self.thread_queue = Queue.Queue() # used to communicate between main thread (UI) and worker thread
- new_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.run_loop, kwargs={'param1':100, 'param2':20})
- new_thread.start()
- # schedule a time-task to check UI
- # it's in main thread, because it's called by self.root
- self.root.after(100, self.listen_for_result)
- def run_loop(self, param1, param2):
- progress = 0
- for entry in range(self.progress_max):
- time.sleep(0.1)
- progress = progress + 1
- self.thread_queue.put(progress)
- def listen_for_result(self):
- '''
- Check if there is something in the queue.
- Must be invoked by self.root to be sure it's running in main thread
- '''
- try:
- progress = self.thread_queue.get(False)
- self.progress.set(progress)
- except Queue.Empty: # must exist to avoid trace-back
- pass
- finally:
- if self.progress.get() < self.progressbar['maximum']:
- self.root.after(100, self.listen_for_result)
- else:
- self.btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- win = MainWindow()
- win.show()
复制代码 一个进度条。设定最大进度为100。在子线程里每隔0.1秒更新一格。
总结
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。
来源:https://www.jb51.net/article/283791.htm
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