docker进阶教程之dockerfile优化镜像大小

回忆过去珍惜现在

一、无优化构建镜像

1. mkdir /mnt/nginx
   
2.  
   
3. vim Dockerfile
   
4. FROM centos:7
   
5. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make
   
6. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
   
7. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
8. #关闭debug日志
   
9. RUN sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc 
   
10. RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
    
11. RUN make
    
12. RUN make install
    
13. EXPOSE 80
    
14. VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
    
15. CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]  

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二、不需要输出的指令丢入/dev/null

1. FROM centos:7
   
2. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && yum clean all
   
3. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
   
4. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
5. RUN sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc
   
6. RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null
   
7. RUN make &> /dev/null
   
8. RUN make install &> /dev/null
   
9. RUN rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
10. EXPOSE 80
    
11. VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
    
12. CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx""-g","daemon off;"]

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三、减少RUN构建

1. FROM centos:7
   
2. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
   
3. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
4. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
   
5.  yum clean all && \
   
6.  sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc && \
   
7.  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
   
8.  make &> /dev/null && make install &> /dev/null &&\
   
9.  rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
10. EXPOSE 80
    
11. VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
    
12. CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

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docker build -t nginx:v3 . 构建镜像
docker images查看镜像

四、多阶段构建

1. FROM centos:7 as build 
   
2. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx 
   
3. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
   
4. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
   
5. yum clean all &&\
   
6. sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc && \
   
7. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
   
8. make &>/dev/null && \
   
9. make install &>/dev/null && \
   
10. rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
    
11. 
    
12. FROM centos:7
    
13. EXPOSE 80
    
14. VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
    
15. COPY --from=build /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
    
16. CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

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1. docker build -t nginx:v4 . 构建镜像
   
2. docker images查看镜像

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五、使用更为轻量级的linux发行版本

debian
alpine
apt add
Sandbox
Busybox

1. #下载debian压缩包
   
2. wget http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz
   
3. docker import debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz -- debian:v1 生成镜像
   
4. docker images 查看

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总结

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