Docker 中的 .NET 异常了怎么抓 Dump
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一:背景
1. 讲故事
有很多朋友跟我说,在 Windows 上看过你文章知道了怎么抓 Crash, CPU爆高,内存暴涨 等各种Dump,为什么你没有写在 Docker 中如何抓的相关文章呢?瞧不上吗?
哈哈,在DUMP的分析旅程中,跑在 Docker 中的 .NET 占比真的不多,大概10个dump有 1-2 个是 docker 中的,市场决定了我的研究方向,为了弥补这一块的空洞,决定写一篇文章来分享下这三大异常下的捕获吧。
二:Docker 下的三大异常捕获
1. crash dump 捕获
前不久我写了一篇 Linux 上的 .NET 崩溃了怎么抓 Dump (https://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/p/17440153.html) 的文章,使用了微软推荐的环境变量方式,其实这在 Docker 中是一样适用的。
为了让 webapi 崩溃退出,我故意造一个栈溢出异常,参考代码如下:- public class Program
- {
- public static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
- builder.Services.AddAuthorization();
- var app = builder.Build();
- app.UseAuthorization();
- //1. crash
- Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
- {
- Test("a");
- });
- app.Run();
- }
- public static string Test(string a)
- {
- return Test("a" + a.Length);
- }
- }
复制代码 有了代码之后,接下来写一个 Dockerfile,主要就是把三个环境变量塞进去。- FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS runtime
- WORKDIR /app
- COPY ./ ./
- # 1. 使用中科大镜像源
- RUN sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
- ENV COMPlus_DbgMiniDumpType 4
- ENV COMPlus_DbgMiniDumpName /dumps/%p-%e-%h-%t.dmp
- ENV COMPlus_DbgEnableMiniDump 1
- ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "AspNetWebApi.dll"]
复制代码 这里有一个细节,为了能够让 Docker 中的 webapi 能够访问到,将 localhost 设置为 * ,修改 appsettings.json 如下:- {
- "urls": "http://*:5001",
- "Logging": {
- "LogLevel": {
- "Default": "Information",
- "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
- }
- },
- "AllowedHosts": "*"
- }
复制代码 有了这些基础最后就是 docker build & docker run 啦。- [root@localhost data]# docker build -t aspnetapp .
- [+] Building 0.3s (9/9) FINISHED
- => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
- => => transferring dockerfile: 447B 0.0s
- => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
- => => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
- => [internal] load metadata for mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 0.3s
- => [1/4] FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0@sha256:a2a04325fdb2a871e964c89318921f82f6435b54 0.0s
- => [internal] load build context 0.0s
- => => transferring context: 860B 0.0s
- => CACHED [2/4] WORKDIR /app 0.0s
- => CACHED [3/4] COPY ./ ./ 0.0s
- => CACHED [4/4] RUN sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list 0.0s
- => exporting to image 0.0s
- => => exporting layers 0.0s
- => => writing image sha256:be69203995c0e5423b2af913549e618d7ee8306fff3961118ff403b1359ae571 0.0s
- => => naming to docker.io/library/aspnetapp 0.0s
- [root@localhost data]# docker run -itd -p 5001:5001 --privileged -v /data2:/dumps --name aspnetcore_sample aspnetapp
- ca34c9274d998096f8562cbef3a43a7cbd9aa5ff2923e0f3e702b159e0b2f447
- [root@localhost data]# docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- ca34c9274d99 aspnetapp "dotnet AspNetWebApi…" 20 seconds ago Exited (139) 9 seconds ago aspnetcore_sample
- [root@localhost data]# docker logs ca34c9274d99
- ...
- at AspNetWebApi.Program.Test(System.String)
- at AspNetWebApi.Program.Test(System.String)
- at AspNetWebApi.Program.Test(System.String)
- at AspNetWebApi.Program.Test(System.String)
- at AspNetWebApi.Program+<>c.<Main>b__0_0()
- at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.InnerInvoke()
- at System.Threading.Tasks.Task+<>c.<.cctor>b__272_0(System.Object)
- at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunFromThreadPoolDispatchLoop(System.Threading.Thread, System.Threading.ExecutionContext, System.Threading.ContextCallback, System.Object)
- at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.ExecuteWithThreadLocal(System.Threading.Tasks.Task ByRef, System.Threading.Thread)
- at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.ExecuteEntryUnsafe(System.Threading.Thread)
- at System.Threading.ThreadPoolWorkQueue.Dispatch()
- at System.Threading.PortableThreadPool+WorkerThread.WorkerThreadStart()
- at System.Threading.Thread.StartCallback()
- [createdump] Gathering state for process 1 dotnet
- [createdump] Crashing thread 0017 signal 6 (0006)
- [createdump] Writing full dump to file /dumps/1-dotnet-ca34c9274d99-1687746929.dmp
- [createdump] Written 261320704 bytes (63799 pages) to core file
- [createdump] Target process is alive
- [createdump] Dump successfully written
- [root@localhost data2]# cd /data2
- [root@localhost data2]# ls -ln
- total 255288
- -rw-------. 1 0 0 261414912 Jun 26 10:35 1-dotnet-ca34c9274d99-1687746929.dmp
复制代码 上面的脚本已经写的非常清楚了,这里有几个注意点提一下:
一定要加上特殊权限,否则生成 dump 的时候会提示无权限。
防止dump丢失,记得挂载到宿主机目录 或者 共享容器 中。
2. 内存暴涨 dump 捕获
要想对 docker 中的 .NET 程序内存 进行监控,我一直都是极力推荐 procdump,目前最新的是版本是 1.5, github官网地址: https://github.com/Sysinternals/ProcDump-for-Linux 鉴于现在访问 github 太慢,大家可以把 procdump_1.5-16239_amd64.deb 下载到本地,为什么下载它,是因为容器中是 debain 系统。
下载好了之后放到项目中,使用默认代码骨架:- public class Program
- {
- public static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
- builder.Services.AddAuthorization();
- var app = builder.Build();
- app.UseAuthorization();
- app.Run();
- }
- }
复制代码 接下来就是写 dockerfile 了,这里有一个细节,就是如何在 Docker 中开启多进程,这里用 start.sh 脚本的方式开启,参考代码如下:- FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS runtime
- WORKDIR /app
- COPY ./ ./
- # 1. 使用中科大镜像源
- RUN sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
- # 2. 安装 gdb & procdump
- RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gdb
- RUN dpkg -i procdump.deb
- RUN echo "#!/bin/bash \n\
- procdump -m 30 -w dotnet /dumps & \n\
- dotnet \$1 \n\
- " > ./start.sh
- RUN chmod +x ./start.sh
- ENTRYPOINT ["./start.sh", "AspNetWebApi.dll"]
复制代码 有了这些设置后,接下来就是 publish 代码用 docker 构建啦,为了方便演示,这里就用 前台模式 开启了哈。- [root@localhost data]# docker build -t aspnetapp .
- [+] Building 11.5s (13/13) FINISHED
- [root@localhost data]# docker rm -f aspnetcore_sample
- aspnetcore_sample
- [root@localhost data]# docker run -it --rm -p 5001:5001 --privileged -v /data2:/dumps --name aspnetcore_sample aspnetapp
- ProcDump v1.5 - Sysinternals process dump utility
- Copyright (C) 2023 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Licensed under the MIT license.
- Mark Russinovich, Mario Hewardt, John Salem, Javid Habibi
- Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
- Monitors one or more processes and writes a core dump file when the processes exceeds the
- specified criteria.
- [02:57:34 - INFO]: Waiting for processes 'dotnet' to launch
- [02:57:34 - INFO]: Press Ctrl-C to end monitoring without terminating the process(es).
- Process Name: dotnet
- CPU Threshold: n/a
- Commit Threshold: >=30 MB
- Thread Threshold: n/a
- File Descriptor Threshold: n/a
- Signal: n/a
- Exception monitor Off
- Polling Interval (ms): 1000
- Threshold (s): 10
- Number of Dumps: 1
- Output directory: /dumps
- [02:57:34 - INFO]: Starting monitor for process dotnet (9)
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[14]
- Now listening on: http://[::]:5001
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Hosting environment: Production
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Content root path: /app/
- [02:57:35 - INFO]: Trigger: Commit usage:48MB on process ID: 9
- [createdump] Gathering state for process 9 dotnet
- [createdump] Writing full dump to file /dumps/dotnet_commit_2023-06-26_02:57:35.9
- [createdump] Written 254459904 bytes (62124 pages) to core file
- [createdump] Target process is alive
- [createdump] Dump successfully written
- [02:57:35 - INFO]: Core dump 0 generated: /dumps/dotnet_commit_2023-06-26_02:57:35.9
- [02:57:36 - INFO]: Stopping monitors for process: dotnet (9)
- [root@localhost data2]# ls -lh
- total 243M
- -rw-------. 1 root root 243M Jun 26 10:57 dotnet_commit_2023-06-26_02:57:35.9
复制代码 从脚本信息看,当内存到了 48MB 的时候触发的 dump 生成,也成功的进入了 /dumps 目录中,太棒了。
3. cpu爆高 dump 捕获
抓 cpu 爆高的dump最好的方式就是多抓几个,比如说:当 CPU >20% 连续超过 5s 抓 2个dump,这种方式抓的dump很容易就能找到真凶,为了方便演示,让两个 cpu 直接打满,参考代码如下:- public static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
- builder.Services.AddAuthorization();
- var app = builder.Build();
- app.UseAuthorization();
- //3. cpu
- app.MapGet("/cpu", (HttpContext httpContext) =>
- {
- Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { bool b = true; while (true) { b = !b; } });
- Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { bool b = true; while (true) { b = !b; } });
- return new WeatherForecast();
- });
- app.Run();
- }
复制代码 接下来就是修改 dockerfile,因为我的虚拟机是 8 核心,如果两个核心被打满,那应该会占用大概 24% 的 cpu 利用率,所以脚本中就设置 20% 吧。- FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS runtime
- WORKDIR /app
- COPY ./ ./
- # 1. 使用中科大镜像源
- RUN sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
- # 2. 安装 wget
- RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gdb
- RUN dpkg -i procdump.deb
- RUN echo "#!/bin/bash \n\
- procdump -c 20 -n 2 -s 5 -w dotnet /dumps & \n\
- dotnet \$1 \n\
- " > ./start.sh
- RUN chmod +x ./start.sh
- ENTRYPOINT ["./start.sh", "AspNetWebApi.dll"]
复制代码 最后就是 docker 构建。- [root@localhost data]# docker build -t aspnetapp .
- [+] Building 0.4s (13/13) FINISHED
- [root@localhost data]# docker run -it --rm -p 5001:5001 --privileged -v /data2:/dumps --name aspnetcore_sample aspnetapp
- ProcDump v1.5 - Sysinternals process dump utility
- Copyright (C) 2023 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Licensed under the MIT license.
- Mark Russinovich, Mario Hewardt, John Salem, Javid Habibi
- Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com
- Monitors one or more processes and writes a core dump file when the processes exceeds the
- specified criteria.
- [03:35:56 - INFO]: Waiting for processes 'dotnet' to launch
- [03:35:56 - INFO]: Press Ctrl-C to end monitoring without terminating the process(es).
- Process Name: dotnet
- CPU Threshold: >= 20%
- Commit Threshold: n/a
- Thread Threshold: n/a
- File Descriptor Threshold: n/a
- Signal: n/a
- Exception monitor Off
- Polling Interval (ms): 1000
- Threshold (s): 5
- Number of Dumps: 2
- Output directory: /dumps
- [03:35:56 - INFO]: Starting monitor for process dotnet (8)
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[14]
- Now listening on: http://[::]:5001
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Hosting environment: Production
- info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
- Content root path: /app/
复制代码 看输出是正在监控,接下来我们访问下网址: http://192.168.17.129:5001/cpu ,
稍等片刻之后就会生成两个dump 文件。
三:总结
虽然Docker中的 .NET 程序占比较少,但把经验总结出来还是很值得的,以后有人问怎么抓,可以把这篇文章直接丢过去啦!
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/archive/2023/06/26/17505313.html
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发表于 2023-6-26 14:46:53
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