.Net Core EntityFrameCore
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目录
引入
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer
- Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools
DBFirst MsSqlServer
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="7.0.9" />
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="7.0.9">
- <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
- <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
- </PackageReference>
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="7.0.9" />
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="7.0.9">
- <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
- <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
- </PackageReference>
复制代码 测试DbFirst
User表
1.创建测试表- USE [DotNetCoreWeb]
- GO
- /****** Object: Table [dbo].[User] Script Date: 2023/7/17 17:45:39 ******/
- SET ANSI_NULLS ON
- GO
- SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
- GO
- CREATE TABLE [dbo].[User](
- [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
- [Name] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
- [Age] [int] NULL,
- [Sex] [int] NULL,
- [Mobile] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
- [Emali] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
- [Address] [nvarchar](100) NULL,
- [Account] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
- [Password] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
- CONSTRAINT [PK_Users] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
- (
- [Id] ASC
- )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
- ) ON [PRIMARY]
- GO
复制代码 Nuget
1.使用Nuget控制台执行下面代码,需要替换连接字符串- Scaffold-DbContext "Data Source=192.168.1.11;Initial Catalog=DotNetCoreWeb;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=a123456789A..;TrustServerCertificate=true" Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer -OutputDir Models -Force
复制代码 测试
1.使用WebApi测试- using EntityFrameCoreWebApp.Models;
- using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
- using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;
- namespace EntityFrameCoreWebApp.Controllers
- {
- [Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
- [ApiController]
- public class UsersController : ControllerBase
- {
- DotNetCoreWebContext _context;
- public UsersController(DotNetCoreWebContext context)
- {
- _context = context;
- }
- [HttpGet]
- public IActionResult Get()
- {
- User user = _context.Users.First(it => it.Id == 1);
- return new JsonResult(user);
- }
- [HttpGet]
- public IActionResult GetById(int id)
- {
- User user = _context.Users.First(it => it.Id == id);
- return new JsonResult(user);
- }
- [HttpPost]
- public IActionResult Add(User user)
- {
- EntityEntry<User> result = _context.Users.Add(user);
- int ret = _context.SaveChanges();
- return new JsonResult(new { SaveChanges = ret});
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 CodeFirst MsSqlServer
- 先备份
- EnsureDeleted 有库则删除
- EnsureCreated 创建
- _context.Database.EnsureDeleted(); //删除
- _context.Database.EnsureCreated(); //创建
复制代码 保存原始数据并重新创建库
备份数据
- public async Task<IActionResult> BackUpData()
- {
- List<Role> roles = _context.Roles.ToList();
- string basepath = AppContext.BaseDirectory;
- XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Role>));
- using (FileStream fs = FileEx.Create(basepath + "Role.xml"))
- {
- serializer.Serialize(fs, roles);
- }
- await Task.CompletedTask;
- return new JsonResult(new { state = true});
- }
复制代码 在OnModelCreating增加
- public void OnModelCreatingPartial(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
- {
- string backUpPath = AppContext.BaseDirectory + "Role.xml";
- if (File.Exists(backUpPath))
- {
- using (StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(backUpPath))
- {
- XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Role>));
- List<Role>? roles = (List<Role>?)xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr);
- if (roles != null && roles.Any())
- {
- modelBuilder.Entity<Role>().HasData(roles);
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 执行codefirst
- _context.Database.EnsureDeleted();
- _context.Database.EnsureCreated();
复制代码 迁移命令
- 类似于Git提交记录
- 生成迁移文件add-migration 迁移文件名称 , 执行完会生成对应的 Migrations 文件夹
- 更新或还原迁移文件到数据库update-database 迁移文件名称
打印日志
- protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
- {
- optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer("Data Source=192.168.1.11;Initial Catalog=DotNetCoreWeb2;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=a123456789A..;TrustServerCertificate=true").UseLoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.Create(configure => configure.AddConsole()));
- }
复制代码 状态
- Detached 未关联
- Unchanged 有关联,但没有操作
- Deleted 删除
- Modified修改
- Added 添加
- 执行删除的时候修改状态为其他状态将会执行对应的状态 例:
- User user = await dbContext.Users.FirstAsync(it => it.Name == "周杰伦");
- dbContext.Users.Remove(user);
- dbContext.Entry(user).State = EntityState.Modified;
- user.Name = "刘德华";
- dbContext.SaveChanges();
复制代码 导航属性
- 有级联关系的可以创建导航属性 如: User 和 Roel 用 RoleId 作为外键Id
- 在User类中增加 public virtual Role Role { get; set; } = null!; 为导航属性
- 在Role类中增加 public virtual ICollection Users { get; set; } = new List(); 为引用属性
贪婪加载
使用Include 可以将关联Role表的User数据全部加载出来
Role role = await dbContext.Roles.Include(it => it.Users).FirstAsync(it => it.Id == 7);
懒加载
第一种方式
- 引入
- 在生成的Context.cs => OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder) 中添加 optionsBuilder.UseLazyLoadingProxies() 这样查询的时候不会加载Role数据, 当需要的时候才会加载
第二种方式
- 在实体类中的构造函数使用 ILazyLoader loader 注入 如:
- ILazyLoader loader;
- public User(ILazyLoader loader)
- {
- this.loader = loader;
- }
- private Role _Role;
- public virtual Role Role
- {
- get
- {
- return loader!.Load(this, ref _Role!)!;
- }
- set
- {
- _Role = value;
- }
- }
复制代码 设置查询状态不跟踪
- 有些时候不需要对查询的数据进行增删改, 所以去掉状态跟踪提升性能
全局设置
- 在生成的Context.cs的构造函数中添加
this.ChangeTracker.QueryTrackingBehavior = QueryTrackingBehavior.NoTracking;
局部设置
dbContext.ChangeTracker.QueryTrackingBehavior = QueryTrackingBehavior.NoTracking;
执行时设置
await dbContext.Roles.AsNoTracking().FirstAsync(it => it.Id == 7);
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/qfccc/archive/2023/07/19/17566770.html
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发表于 2023-7-20 01:11:50
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