|
【python技巧】替换文件中的某几行
1. 背景描述
最近在写一个后端项目,主要的操作就是根据用户的前端数据,在后端打开项目中的代码文件,修改对应位置的参数,因为在目前的后端项目中经常使用这个操作,所以简单总结一下。- 1. 文件路径:./test.c
- 2. 文件内容
- ……
- case EPA:
- chan_desc->nb_taps = 7;
- chan_desc->Td = .410;
- chan_desc->channel_length = (int) (2*chan_desc->sampling_rate*chan_desc->Td + 1 + 2/(M_PI*M_PI)*log(4*M_PI*chan_desc->sampling_rate*chan_desc->Td));
- sum_amps = 0;
- chan_desc->amps = (double *) malloc(chan_desc->nb_taps*sizeof(double));
- chan_desc->free_flags=chan_desc->free_flags|CHANMODEL_FREE_AMPS ;
- for (i = 0; i<chan_desc->nb_taps; i++) {
- chan_desc->amps[i] = pow(10,.1*epa_amps_dB[i]);
- sum_amps += chan_desc->amps[i];
- }
- for (i = 0; i<chan_desc->nb_taps; i++)
- chan_desc->amps[i] /= sum_amps;
- chan_desc->delays = epa_delays;
- chan_desc->ricean_factor = 1;//待修改位置
- chan_desc->aoa = 0;//待修改位置
- chan_desc->random_aoa = 0;//待修改位置
- chan_desc->ch = (struct complexd **) malloc(nb_tx*nb_rx*sizeof(struct complexd *));
- chan_desc->chF = (struct complexd **) malloc(nb_tx*nb_rx*sizeof(struct complexd *));
- chan_desc->a = (struct complexd **) malloc(chan_desc->nb_taps*sizeof(struct complexd *));
- ……
复制代码 2. 单行修改-操作步骤
- 读取文件
使用python中的open()函数进行文件读取,将数据存储在缓冲区。
- #1. 读取文件
- path='./test.c'
- with open(path, 'r') as file:
- file_content = file.read()
复制代码
- 查找文件替换位置
以查找chan_desc->ricean_factor = 1;//待修改位置为例,查找这句话的起点和终点。
- ## 注:此步骤需要import re
- #2. 查找文件替换位置
- start_index=file_content.find('chan_desc->ricean_factor = ')#起点
- end_index=file_content.find('chan_desc->aoa = ',start_index)#终点
- if end_index==-1 or start_index==-1:
- print('未找到待修改位置')
- #此时得到的两个指针,分别指向了待修改位置的起点和终点,如下图所示:
复制代码
- #3. 设置替换文件内容
- ricean_factor=3#假设这是要修改的参数信息
- updata_content=file_content[:start_index]#获取这行代码之前的内容
- update_content+='chan_desc->ricean_factor = '+str(ricean_factor)+';//待修改位置'#修改这行代码
- update_content+=file_content[end_index:]#获取这行代码之后的内容
- #此时得到的update_content就是修改后的完整文件内容,只修改了ricean_factor这一行的值
复制代码- #4. 写入文件
- if update_content!="":#如果修改内容不为空
- with open(path, 'w') as file:#w表示覆盖写入,之前的内容都会被覆盖
- file.write(update_content)
复制代码- import re#1. 读取文件
- path='./test.c'
- with open(path, 'r') as file:
- file_content = file.read()#2. 查找文件替换位置start_index=file_content.find('chan_desc->ricean_factor = ')#起点end_index=file_content.find('chan_desc->aoa = ',start_index)#终点if end_index==-1 or start_index==-1: print('未找到待修改位置')#3. 设置替换文件内容ricean_factor=3#假设这是要修改的参数信息updata_content=file_content[:start_index]#获取这行代码之前的内容update_content+='chan_desc->ricean_factor = '+str(ricean_factor)+';//待修改位置'#修改这行代码update_content+=file_content[end_index:]#获取这行代码之后的内容#4. 写入文件
- if update_content!="":#如果修改内容不为空
- with open(path, 'w') as file:#w表示覆盖写入,之前的内容都会被覆盖
- file.write(update_content)
复制代码 3. 多行修改-操作步骤
- 多行修改思路
多行修改有两种修改思路,如果修改部分比较集中,则可直接替换一整块的字符串内容,如果修改部分较为分散,则需要单独查找修改位置,然后再分别进行替换。
- 多行修改-整块替换
- try:
- with open(file_path, "r") as file:
- file_content = file.read()
- except Exception as e:
- return str(e)
- # 设置改写内容
- updated_content = ""
- # 查找修改
- start_index_1 = file_content.find("start_sentence")#要确保查找元素的唯一性
- end_index_1 = file_content.find("end_sentence",start_index_1,)
- if start_index_1 == -1 or end_index_1 == -1:
- print("未找到待修改位置")
- return -1
- #
- updated_content = file_content[:start_index_1]#获取这行代码之前的内容
- updated_content += "start_sentence和end_sentence之间的sentence_1;\n"
- updated_content += "start_sentence和end_sentence之间的sentence_2;\n"
- updated_content +=file_content[end_index_1:]
- ##此时updated_content就是修改后的完整文件内容
- if updated_content != "":
- with open(file_path, "w") as file:
- file.write(updated_content)
- else:
- print("修改失败")
- return -1
复制代码- try:
- with open(file_path, "r") as file:
- file_content = file.read()
- except Exception as e:
- return str(e)
- # 设置改写内容
- updated_content = ""
- # 查找修改
- start_index_1 = file_content.find("start_sentence_1")#要确保查找元素的唯一性
- end_index_1 = file_content.find("end_sentence_1",start_index_1,)
- start_index_2 = file_content.find("start_sentence_2",end_index_1)
- end_index_2 = file_content.find("end_sentence_2",start_index_2,)
- start_index_3 = file_content.find("start_sentence_3",end_index_2)
- end_index_3 = file_content.find("end_sentence_3",start_index_3,)
- start_index_4 = file_content.find("start_sentence_4",end_index_3)
- end_index_4 = file_content.find("end_sentence_4",start_index_4,)
- if (
- start_index_1 == -1
- or end_index_1 == -1
- or start_index_2 == -1
- or end_index_2 == -1
- or start_index_3 == -1
- or end_index_3 == -1
- or start_index_4 == -1
- or end_index_4 == -1
- ):
- print("未找到待修改位置")
- return -1
- #
- updated_content = file_content[:start_index_1]#获取这行代码之前的内容
- updated_content += "start_sentence_1和end_sentence_1之间的内容"
- updated_content +=file_content[end_index_1:start_index_2]
- updated_content += "start_sentence_2和end_sentence_2之间的内容"
- updated_content +=file_content[end_index_2:start_index_3]
- updated_content += "start_sentence_3和end_sentence_3之间的内容"
- updated_content +=file_content[end_index_3:start_index_4]
- updated_content += "start_sentence_4和end_sentence_4之间的内容"
- updated_content += file_content[end_index_4:]
- ##此时updated_content就是修改后的完整文件内容
- if updated_content != "":
- with open(file_path, "w") as file:
- file.write(updated_content)
- else:
- print("修改失败")
- return -1
复制代码 来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/CrazyPixel/p/17683553.html
免责声明:由于采集信息均来自互联网,如果侵犯了您的权益,请联系我们【E-Mail:cb@itdo.tech】 我们会及时删除侵权内容,谢谢合作! |
本帖子中包含更多资源
您需要 登录 才可以下载或查看,没有账号?立即注册
x
|