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WPF 已知问题 传入错误数据给到 WriteableBitmap 可能导致渲染线程锁住

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本文记录一个 WPF 已知问题，此问题已经被我修复。传入错误的数据给到 WriteableBitmap 对象，比如调用 WritePixels 时传入错误的 stride 数值，将可能导致渲染线程进入无限自旋锁
问题描述

应用程序停止渲染，或者是界面未响应。表现是在 渲染 线程卡住，从任务管理器看可以看到有一个 CPU 核在跑，但没跑满。进行本机代码调试可以看到卡在如下调用堆栈
  1.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXBitmapLockState::LockRead() line 1086        C++
  2.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXBitmap::HrLock(const tagRECT & rcLock={...}, MilPixelFormat::Enum pxlFormat=BGRA32bpp, unsigned int cbStride=1200, unsigned int cbBufferSize=1200, void * pvPixels=0x0000028eea8a0000, unsigned long dwFlags=1, IWGXBitmapLock * * ppILock=0x0000009a90b7b268, int) line 743        C++
  3.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSystemMemoryBitmap::Lock(const WICRect * prcLock, unsigned long dwFlags=1, IWGXBitmapLock * * ppILock=0x0000009a90b7b268) line 176        C++
  4.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWriteProtectedBitmap::Lock(const WICRect * prcLock, unsigned long dwFlags, IWGXBitmapLock * * ppILock) line 125        C++
  5.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXBitmap::CopyPixels(const WICRect * prc=0x0000009a90b7b4a0, unsigned int cbStride=1200, unsigned int cbBufferSize=1200, unsigned char * pbPixels=0x0000028edfc56540) line 477        C++
  6.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXWrapperBitmap::CopyPixels(const WICRect * prc, unsigned int cbStride, unsigned int cbBufferSize, unsigned char * pbPixels=0x0000028edfc56540) line 411        C++
  7.         WindowsCodecs.dll!00007ffcaa688759()       
  8.         WindowsCodecs.dll!00007ffcaa6ab5d3()       
  9.         WindowsCodecs.dll!00007ffcaa68f9c6()       
  10.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXWrapperBitmap::CopyPixels(const WICRect * prc, unsigned int cbStride, unsigned int cbBufferSize, unsigned char * pbPixels=0x0000028eebe50ad0) line 411        C++
  11.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXWrapperBitmap::CopyPixels(const WICRect * prc, unsigned int cbStride, unsigned int cbBufferSize, unsigned char * pbPixels=0x0000028eebe50ad0) line 411        C++
  12.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CWGXWrapperBitmap::CopyPixels(const WICRect * prc, unsigned int cbStride, unsigned int cbBufferSize, unsigned char * pbPixels=0x0000028eebe50ad0) line 411        C++
  13.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSystemMemoryBitmap::UnsafeUpdateFromSource(IWGXBitmapSource * pISource=0x0000028edfb110d0, MilRectU & rcSrc, unsigned int uDstLeft, unsigned int uDstTop=0) line 263        C++
  14.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSwBitmapColorSource::FillTextureWithTransformedSource(IWGXBitmapSource * pIBitmapSource=0x0000028edfb110d0) line 706        C++
  15.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSwBitmapColorSource::FillTexture() line 584        C++
  16.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSwBitmapColorSource::Realize() line 882        C++
  17.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSwBitmapColorSource::DeriveFromBitmapAndContext(IWGXBitmapSource * pIBitmap=0x0000028edfc73650, CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::RealizationSampling,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> * pmatBitmapToSampleSpace=0x0000009a90b7b9f0, const CColorSourceCreator * pCSCreator, bool fPrefilterEnabled, float rPrefilterThreshold=1.41421354, IMILResourceCache * pICacheAlternate=0x0000028eebd59cb0, IWGXBitmap * * ppBitmap=0x0000009a90b7b9e0) line 124        C++
  18.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CColorSourceCreator::GetCS_PrefilterAndResample(IWGXBitmapSource * pIBitmapSource, MilBitmapWrapMode::Enum wrapMode=Extend, const _D3DCOLORVALUE * pBorderColor=0x0000028eebd59d84, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::RealizationSampling,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> * pmatTextureHPCToDeviceHPC=0x0000009a90b7bae0, MilBitmapInterpolationMode::Enum interpolationMode=Linear, bool prefilterEnable=false, float prefilterThreshold=1.41421354, IMILResourceCache * pICacheAlternate=0x0000028eebd59cb0, CColorSource * * ppColorSource=0x0000009a90b7bc30) line 1131        C++
  19.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSoftwareRasterizer::GetCS_Brush(CMILBrush * pBrush=0x0000028eebd59ca8, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::BaseSampling,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> & matWorldHPCToDeviceHPC={...}, const CContextState * pContextState=0x0000028edfacdae8, CColorSource * * ppColorSource=0x0000009a90b7bc30) line 866        C++
  20.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSoftwareRasterizer::FillPath(CSpanSink * pSpanSink=0x0000028eebd7a440, CSpanClipper * pSpanClipper=0x0000009a90b7c278, const CContextState * pContextState=0x0000028edfacdae8, const CShapeBase * pShape=0x0000009a90b7c578, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::LocalRenderingHPC,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> * pmatShapeToDevice=0x0000028edfacdc80, CMILBrush * pBrush=0x0000028eebd59ca8, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::BaseSampling,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> & matWorldToDevice={...}, IMILEffectList * pIEffect=0x0000000000000000, float rComplementFactor=-1.00000000, const TMilRect_<int,tagRECT,MilPointAndSizeL,RectUniqueness::_CMILSurfaceRect_> * prcComplementBounds=0x0000000000000000) line 680        C++
  21.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSoftwareRasterizer::FillPathUsingBrushRealizer(CSpanSink * pSpanSink=0x0000028eebd7a440, MilPixelFormat::Enum fmtTarget, DisplayId associatedDisplay, CSpanClipper * pSpanClipper=0x0000009a90b7c278, const CContextState * pContextState=0x0000028edfacdae8, BrushContext * pBrushContext=0x0000000000000000, const CShapeBase * pShape=0x0000009a90b7c578, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::LocalRenderingHPC,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> * pmatShapeToDevice=0x0000028edfacdc80, CBrushRealizer * pBrushRealizer=0x0000009a90b7c480, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::BaseSampling,CoordinateSpace::DeviceHPC> & matWorldToDevice={...}) line 578        C++
  22.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSwRenderTargetSurface::DrawPathInternal(CContextState * pContextState=0x0000028edfacdae8, BrushContext * pBrushContext=0x0000000000000000, const CShapeBase * pShape=0x0000009a90b7c578, const CPlainPen * pPen=0x0000000000000000, CBrushRealizer * pStrokeBrush=0x0000000000000000, CBrushRealizer * pFillBrush=0x0000009a90b7c480) line 841        C++
  23.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::FillShapeWithBitmap(IWGXBitmapSource * pIWGXBitmapSource=0x0000028edfc73650, const CMatrix<CoordinateSpace::BaseSampling,CoordinateSpace::LocalRenderingHPC> * pTextureToLocalTransform=0x0000009a90b7c620, CShapeBase * pShape=0x0000009a90b7c578, IMILEffectList * pEffectList=0x0000000000000000, MilBitmapWrapMode::Enum wrapMode=Extend) line 1617        C++
  24.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::DrawBitmap(IWGXBitmapSource * pIBitmapSource=0x0000028edfc73650, const MilRectF * prcSource=0x0000009a90b7c728, const MilRectF * prcDest=0x0000009a90b7c6f0, float opacity=1.00000000) line 1479        C++
  25.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::DrawImage(CMilSlaveResource * pImage=0x0000028eebda14f0, const MilPointAndSizeD * prcDestinationBase, TMilSlaveValue<MilPointAndSizeD,MILCMD_RECTRESOURCE,52> * pDestRectAnimations=0x0000000000000000) line 1345        C++
  26.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CMilSlaveRenderData::Draw(IDrawingContext * pIDC=0x0000028edfacda30) line 766        C++
  27.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CMilVisual::RenderContent(CDrawingContext * pDrawingContext=0x0000028edfacda30) line 1204        C++
  28.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::PreSubgraph(int * pfVisitChildren=0x0000009a90b7ca60) line 5076        C++
  29.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CGraphIterator::Walk(IGraphNode * pRoot, IGraphIteratorSink * pSink=0x0000028edfacda60) line 308        C++
  30.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::DrawVisualTree(CMilVisual * pRoot=0x0000028eebd71be0, const _D3DCOLORVALUE * pClearColor=0x0000000000000000, const TMilRect_<float,MilRectF,MilPointAndSizeF,RectUniqueness::NotNeeded> & dirtyRect, bool fDrawingIntoVisualBrush=false) line 4424        C++
  31.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CDrawingContext::Render(CMilVisual * pRoot=0x0000028eebd71be0, IMILRenderTarget * pIRenderTarget, const _D3DCOLORVALUE * pClearColor=0x0000000000000000, const TMilRect_<float,MilRectF,MilPointAndSizeF,RectUniqueness::NotNeeded> & rcSurfaceBounds={...}, int fFullRender=1, unsigned int uNumInvalidTargetRegions=0, const MilRectF * rgInvalidTargetRegions=0x0000000000000000, bool fCanAccelerateScroll=false, int * pfNeedsFullPresent=0x0000009a90b7ccc8) line 6007        C++
  32.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CSlaveGenericRenderTarget::Render(bool * pfPresentNeeded=0x0000000000000000) line 88        C++
  33.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CRenderTargetManager::Render(bool * pfPresentNeeded=0x0000009a90b7ce60) line 339        C++
  34.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CComposition::Render(bool * pfPresentNeeded=0x0000009a90b7ce60) line 859        C++
  35.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CComposition::ProcessComposition(bool * pfPresentNeeded=0x0000009a90b7ce60) line 712        C++
  36.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CComposition::Compose(bool * pfPresentNeeded=0x0000009a90b7ce88) line 805        C++
  37.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CConnectionContext::PresentAllPartitions() line 506        C++
  38.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!CMilConnection::PresentAllPartitions() line 485        C++
  39.         wpfgfx_cor3.dll!WgxConnection_SameThreadPresent(HMIL_CONNECTION__ * hConnection) line 135        C++
  40.         PresentationCore.dll!System.Windows.Media.Composition.DUCE.UnsafeNativeMethods.WgxConnection_SameThreadPresent(System.IntPtr pConnection)       
复制代码
从以上代码可以看到是 WPF 的渲染线程的进入了 CWGXBitmapLockState::LockRead 自旋锁等待 WriteableBitmap 解锁
此问题已经报告给官方（嗯，其实就是我），且我已经修复：https://github.com/dotnet/wpf/issues/8134
复现步骤


  • 创建一个 WriteableBitmap 对象且添加到 Image 控件里面
  • 调用 WriteableBitmap 的 WritePixels 方法，传入错误的 stride 数值
  • 立即调用渲染，如使用 RenderTargetBitmap 对 Image 控件进行截图
最小复现 Demo 代码：https://github.com/lindexi/lindexi_gd/tree/20395cade5a79ed40bdd03acf73320994966c691/HawacearkecallLalarnowhallna
原因

这是因为在 WriteableBitmap 的代码实现没有关注到锁的安全性，导致了传入错误的 stride 数值，抛了异常，让 Unlock 没有被调用，从而让锁没有释放。于是渲染线程等待多久，都等不到锁的释放
问题的代码如下：
  1.         private void WritePixelsImpl(
  2.             Int32Rect sourceRect,
  3.             IntPtr    sourceBuffer,
  4.             int       sourceBufferSize,
  5.             int       sourceBufferStride,
  6.             int       destinationX,
  7.             int       destinationY,
  8.             bool      backwardsCompat
  9.             )
  10.         {
  11.             // 忽略其他代码
  12.             
  13.                 unsafe
  14.                 {
  15.                     // 忽略其他代码
  17.                     Lock();
  19.                     MILUtilities.MILCopyPixelBuffer(
  20.                         pDest,
  21.                         outputBufferSize,
  22.                         (uint) _backBufferStride.Value,
  23.                         destBufferBitOffset,
  24.                         pSource,
  25.                         inputBufferSize,
  26.                         (uint) sourceBufferStride,
  27.                         sourceBufferBitOffset,
  28.                         (uint) sourceRect.Height,
  29.                         copyWidthInBits);
  31.                     AddDirtyRect(destinationRect);
  32.                     Unlock();
  33.                 }
  34.         }
复制代码
当传入错误的 stride 数值，将会导致 MILUtilities.MILCopyPixelBuffer 抛出异常，从而导致 Unlock 函数没有被正确调用
渲染线程需要等待 WriteableBitmap 的锁释放，但是由于 WriteableBitmap 的 Unlock 因为异常而没有被正确调用，因此渲染线程进入无限等待

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/lindexi/archive/2023/09/11/17692578.html
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发表于 2023-9-11 08:18:03

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