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一、项目地址
https://github.com/LinFeng-BingYi/DailyAccountBook
二、新增
1. 解析xml文件
1.1 功能详述
解析所设计的xml文件格式,并将所得数据存入变量。
→→→点击查看xml格式←←←解析目的:
- 将balance元素中各项fund子元素存入列表,列表中每一项都是一个代表fund元素的字典;
- 将对应日期的day元素中各种动账类型记录集合存入字典,该字典内容格式如下:
- day_dict = {
- 'expenses': [expense_dict1, expense_dict2, ...],
- 'incomes': [income_dict1, ...],
- 'movements': [movement_dict1, ...],
- 'variation': [fund_dict1, ...]
- }
复制代码 1.2 代码实现
解析balance元素:- def parseBalance(self):
- e_balance = self.e_dailyAccountBook.find(".//balance")
- balance_list = []
- for e_fund in list(e_balance):
- balance_dict = {"value": float(e_fund.find('.//value').text),
- "category": int(e_fund.find('.//category').text),
- "fundName": e_fund.find('.//fundName').text}
- balance_list.append(balance_dict)
- return balance_list
复制代码 解析day元素:- def getSpecificDateElement(self, date_str):
- """
- Describe: 根据日期字符串获取指定的day元素
- Args:
- date_str: str
- 格式为"yyyyMMdd"
- Returns:
- 若找到指定日期的元素,则返回Element类型的day元素.
- 若未找到指定year,则返回int类型的0;若未找到指定month,则返回int类型的1;若未找到指定day,则返回int类型的2。
- int型返回值用于控制从何处开始初始化日期元素。
- """
- e_year = self.e_dailyAccountBook.find(".//year[@value='{}']".format(date_str[:4]))
- if e_year is None:
- return 0
- e_month = e_year.find(".//month[@value='{}']".format(date_str[4:6]))
- if e_month is None:
- return 1
- e_day = e_month.find(".//day[@value='{}']".format(date_str[6:]))
- if e_day is None:
- return 2
- return e_day
- def parseSpecificDateElement(self, date_str):
- e_date = self.getSpecificDateElement(date_str)
- if isinstance(e_date, int):
- print("未找到这一天的数据!")
- return None
- parse_dict = dict()
- for child_node in list(e_date):
- print(child_node.tag)
- if child_node.tag == 'expenses':
- e_expenses = e_date.find(".//expenses")
- expenses_list = [self.parseExpense(e_expense) for e_expense in list(e_expenses)]
- parse_dict['expenses'] = expenses_list
- elif child_node.tag == 'incomes':
- e_incomes = e_date.find(".//incomes")
- incomes_list = [self.parseIncome(e_income) for e_income in list(e_incomes)]
- parse_dict['incomes'] = incomes_list
- elif child_node.tag == 'movements':
- e_movements = e_date.find(".//movements")
- movements_list = [self.parseMovement(e_movement) for e_movement in list(e_movements)]
- parse_dict['movements'] = movements_list
- elif child_node.tag == 'variation':
- e_variation = e_date.find(".//variation")
- variation_list = [self.parseVariation(e_fund) for e_fund in list(e_variation)]
- parse_dict['variation'] = variation_list
- else:
- print("未知类型的节点名")
- return parse_dict
- def parseExpense(self, e_expense):
- expense_dict = {
- 'necessity': True if (e_expense.attrib['necessity'].lower() == 'true') else False,
- 'value': float(e_expense.find('.//value').text),
- 'category': int(e_expense.find('.//category').text),
- 'detail': e_expense.find('.//detail').text,
- 'describe': e_expense.find('.//describe').text,
- 'from': int(e_expense.find('.//from').text),
- 'associatedFund': int(e_expense.attrib['associatedFund']) if (
- ('associatedFund' in e_expense.attrib) and e_expense.attrib['associatedFund'] != 'None') else None
- }
- return expense_dict
- def parseIncome(self, e_income):
- pass
- def parseMovement(self, e_movement):
- pass
- def parseVariation(self, e_fund):
- pass
复制代码 2. 编辑账本界面-新增行
2.1 功能详述
在选择文件或不同的日期后,解析xml文件中对应日期的收支记录,将其展示在QTableWidget中。此外,表格中最后一列增加两种操作控件:
- 对于已存在记录的行:包含修改、删除按钮;
- 对于空白行:包含新增按钮。点击新增后,该行变成已存在记录的行,故而操作控件也相应地变化,同时表格再新增一行空白行
2.2 代码实现
- def responseSelectedDateChanging(self):
- if not self.lineEdit_file_path.text():
- print("还未选择文件!")
- return
- self.file_processor = AccountBookXMLProcessor(self.lineEdit_file_path.text())
- self.file_parse_result = self.file_processor.parseSpecificDateElement(self.dateEdit.text().replace('/', ''))
- print(self.file_parse_result)
- if self.file_parse_result is None:
- self.file_parse_result = {}
- if 'expenses' not in self.file_parse_result:
- self.file_parse_result['expenses'] = []
- if 'incomes' not in self.file_parse_result:
- self.file_parse_result['incomes'] = []
- if 'movements' not in self.file_parse_result:
- self.file_parse_result['movements'] = []
- if 'variation' not in self.file_parse_result:
- self.file_parse_result['variation'] = []
- self.updateExpenseTable(self.file_parse_result['expenses'])
- self.updateIncomeTable(self.file_parse_result['incomes'])
- self.updateMovementTable(self.file_parse_result['movements'])
- def updateExpenseTable(self, expenses_list):
- self.tableWidget_expense.setRowCount(0)
- self.tableWidget_expense.setRowCount(len(expenses_list)+1)
- current_row = 0
- for expense_dict in expenses_list:
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 0, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['necessity'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 1, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['value'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 2, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['category'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 3, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['detail'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 4, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['describe'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 5, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['from'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 6, QTableWidgetItem(str(expense_dict['associatedFund'])))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setCellWidget(current_row, 7, self.buttonsForExistRow(self.tableWidget_expense))
- current_row += 1
- self.tableWidget_expense.setItem(current_row, 4, QTableWidgetItem(' '))
- self.tableWidget_expense.setCellWidget(current_row, 7, self.buttonsForNewRow(self.tableWidget_expense))
- def updateIncomeTable(self, incomes_list):
- pass
- def updateMovementTable(self, movements_list):
- pass
- def buttonsForExistRow(self, tableWidget):
- widget = QWidget()
- # 更新
- updateBtn = QPushButton('更新')
- updateBtn.clicked.connect(lambda: self.updateTableRow(tableWidget))
- # 删除
- deleteBtn = QPushButton('删除')
- deleteBtn.clicked.connect(lambda: self.deleteTableRow(tableWidget))
- hLayout = QHBoxLayout(widget)
- hLayout.addWidget(updateBtn)
- hLayout.addWidget(deleteBtn)
- hLayout.setContentsMargins(5, 2, 5, 2)
- return widget
- def buttonsForNewRow(self, tableWidget):
- widget = QWidget()
- # 新增
- newBtn = QPushButton('新增')
- newBtn.clicked.connect(lambda: self.newTableRow(newBtn, tableWidget))
- hLayout = QHBoxLayout(widget)
- hLayout.addWidget(newBtn)
- hLayout.setContentsMargins(5, 2, 5, 2)
- return widget
- def updateTableRow(self, toggledBtn, tableWidget):
- pass
- def deleteTableRow(self, toggledBtn, tableWidget):
- pass
- def newTableRow(self, toggledBtn, tableWidget):
- print('触发了新增按钮')
- # 获取触发信号的控件所在行号
- row = tableWidget.indexAt(toggledBtn.parent().pos()).row()
- new_data_dict = dict()
- if tableWidget == self.tableWidget_expense:
- current_column_head = TABLEWIDGET_EXPENSE_COLUMN_HEAD
- elif tableWidget == self.tableWidget_income:
- current_column_head = TABLEWIDGET_INCOME_COLUMN_HEAD
- elif tableWidget == self.tableWidget_movement:
- current_column_head = TABLEWIDGET_MOVEMENT_COLUMN_HEAD
- else:
- print('未知控件触发新增按钮!')
- return
- # 用新增行数据构建字典
- for i in range(tableWidget.columnCount()-1):
- new_data_dict[current_column_head[tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(i).text()]] = tableWidget.item(row, i).text()
- print(new_data_dict)
- # 插入新空行
- insert_pos = tableWidget.rowCount()
- tableWidget.insertRow(insert_pos)
- # 新空行"操作"列初始化按钮
- tableWidget.setCellWidget(insert_pos, tableWidget.columnCount()-1, self.buttonsForNewRow(tableWidget))
- # 新增行"操作"列初始化按钮
- tableWidget.setCellWidget(insert_pos-1, tableWidget.columnCount()-1, self.buttonsForExistRow(tableWidget))
- if tableWidget == self.tableWidget_expense:
- # 将"描述"字段预置空格
- tableWidget.setItem(insert_pos, 4, QTableWidgetItem(' '))
- # 用新增行的数据组织文件结构
- self.file_processor.organizeExpense(new_data_dict, self.dateEdit.text().replace('/', ''))
- elif tableWidget == self.tableWidget_income:
- tableWidget.setItem(insert_pos, 3, QTableWidgetItem(' '))
- self.file_processor.organizeIncome(new_data_dict, self.dateEdit.text().replace('/', ''))
- elif tableWidget == self.tableWidget_movement:
- tableWidget.setItem(insert_pos, 2, QTableWidgetItem(' '))
- self.file_processor.organizeMovement(new_data_dict, self.dateEdit.text().replace('/', ''))
- # 将结果文件暂时存放在工作目录
- self.file_processor.writeXMLFile(self.cwd+'\\AccountBookXMLFile.xml')
复制代码 3. 将新增行写入xml文件
3.1 功能详述
用从编辑账本界面获取的新增行字典,写入xml文件。具体过程如下:
- 判断当前日期是否存在,四种情况:存在年/月/日、只存在年/月、只存在年、均不存在。判断方法:在方法getSpecificDateElement(date_str)中,通过int型返回值作为标志,再结合方法switch_caseInitStartDate(init_start, date_str)确定日期元素新增起始点,即判断从年/月/日开始新增。
- 根据新增行字典内容,修改各存款账户的余额
- 根据新增行字典内容,新增对应动账记录
- 若收支记录关联了其他存款账户,则同时修改关联账户
3.2 代码实现
- def createChildElement(self, e_parent, child_name, child_text, chile_attr=None):
- if chile_attr is None:
- chile_attr = {}
- e_child = et.SubElement(e_parent, child_name, attrib=chile_attr)
- e_child.text = child_text
- return e_child
- def switch_caseInitStartDate(self, init_start, date_str):
- # 模拟C++中switch-case控制语句,不使用break的情况
- if init_start == 0:
- self.createChildElement(self.e_dailyAccountBook, 'year', None, {'value': date_str[:4]})
- init_start += 1
- if init_start == 1:
- e_year = self.e_dailyAccountBook.find(".//year[@value='{}']".format(date_str[:4]))
- self.createChildElement(e_year, 'month', None, {'value': date_str[4:6]})
- # init_start += 1
- # if init_start == 2:
- e_year = self.e_dailyAccountBook.find(".//year[@value='{}']".format(date_str[:4]))
- e_month = e_year.find(".//month[@value='{}']".format(date_str[4:6]))
- e_date = self.createChildElement(e_month, 'day', None, {'value': date_str[6:]})
- return e_date
- def organizeExpense(self, expense_dict: dict, date_str):
- e_date = self.getSpecificDateElement(date_str)
- if isinstance(e_date, int):
- print("未找到这一天的数据!")
- e_date = self.switch_caseInitStartDate(e_date, date_str)
- e_expenses = e_date.find(".//expenses") if e_date.find(".//expenses") is not None else self.createChildElement(e_date, 'expenses', None)
- e_expense = et.SubElement(e_expenses, 'expense')
- self.organizeVariation(expense_dict, e_date)
- if 'necessity' in expense_dict:
- e_expense.set('necessity', expense_dict['necessity'])
- del expense_dict['necessity']
- if 'associatedFund' in expense_dict:
- e_expense.set('associatedFund', expense_dict['associatedFund'])
- del expense_dict['associatedFund']
- for key, value in expense_dict.items():
- self.createChildElement(e_expense, key, value)
- def organizeVariation(self, change_dict, e_date):
- e_variation = e_date.find(".//variation") if e_date.find(".//variation") is not None else self.createChildElement(e_date, 'variation', None)
- if 'from' in change_dict:
- if e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']".format(change_dict['from'])) is None:
- e_fund = self.createChildElement(e_variation, 'fund', None)
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'category', change_dict['from'])
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'out', '0.0')
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'in', '0.0')
- e_fund_variety = e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']/out".format(change_dict['from']))
- e_fund_variety.text = str((Decimal(e_fund_variety.text) + Decimal(change_dict['value'])).quantize(Decimal('0.00')))
- self.modifyBalance(change_dict['from'], Decimal(change_dict['value'])*(-1))
- self.organizeAssociatedFund(e_variation, change_dict, 'from')
- if 'to' in change_dict:
- if e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']".format(change_dict['to'])) is None:
- e_fund = self.createChildElement(e_variation, 'fund', None)
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'category', change_dict['to'])
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'out', '0.0')
- self.createChildElement(e_fund, 'in', '0.0')
- e_fund_variety = e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']/in".format(change_dict['to']))
- e_fund_variety.text = str((Decimal(e_fund_variety.text) + Decimal(change_dict['value'])).quantize(Decimal('0.00')))
- self.modifyBalance(change_dict['to'], Decimal(change_dict['value']))
- self.organizeAssociatedFund(e_variation, change_dict, 'to')
- def modifyBalance(self, fund_category, increment_value: Decimal):
- """
- Describe:
- Args:
- fund_category: int or str
- 存款账户类型
- increment_value: Decimal
- 余额增量,为正或负
- """
- e_value = self.e_dailyAccountBook.find(".//balance").find(".//fund[category='{}']".format(fund_category)).find(".//value")
- e_value.text = str((Decimal(e_value.text) + increment_value).quantize(Decimal('0.00')))
- def organizeAssociatedFund(self, e_variation, change_dict, from_or_to):
- print(change_dict['associatedFund'])
- if 'associatedFund' in change_dict and change_dict['associatedFund'] != 'None':
- print('执行了associatedFund,操作为', from_or_to)
- if e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']".format(change_dict['associatedFund'])) is None:
- e_associated_fund = self.createChildElement(e_variation, 'fund', None)
- self.createChildElement(e_associated_fund, 'category', change_dict['associatedFund'])
- self.createChildElement(e_associated_fund, 'out', '0.0')
- self.createChildElement(e_associated_fund, 'in', '0.0')
- if from_or_to == 'from':
- e_fund_variety = e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']/out".format(change_dict['associatedFund']))
- flag = -1
- elif from_or_to == 'to':
- e_fund_variety = e_variation.find(".//fund[category='{}']/in".format(change_dict['associatedFund']))
- flag = 1
- else:
- print('未知的收支动作!')
- return
- e_fund_variety.text = str((Decimal(e_fund_variety.text) + Decimal(change_dict['value'])).quantize(Decimal('0.00')))
- self.modifyBalance(change_dict['associatedFund'], Decimal(change_dict['value'])*flag)
复制代码 三、开发总结
1. ElementTree模块基本使用方法
//Element基本构成
texttail
文本尾部
//解析文件
xml_tree = ElementTree.parse("AccountBookFile.xml")
//获取根元素
root = xml_tree.getroot()
//查找子元素:按元素名查找,返回匹配到的第一个元素
//举例:查找root元素的第一个year子元素
//情景含义:找到xml文件的第一个年份的动账记录
year = root.find(".//year")
//查找子元素:按元素名查找,返回所有匹配到的元素
//举例:查找year元素的所有month元素
//情景含义:找到年份中所有月份的动账记录
month_list = year.findall(".//month")
//查找子元素:查找具有特定属性值的子元素
//举例:查找month元素直属子元素中,符合该条件的子元素——具有属性value=10
//情景含义:找到第一个月份中10号日期的动账记录
day = month_list[0].find(".//day[@value='10']")
//查找子元素:查找具有特定子元素值的子元素
//举例:查找variation元素直属子元素中,符合该条件的子元素——包含文本值为0的category子元素
//情景含义:找到10号微信零钱(category=0)的收支总和
variation = day.find(".//variation")
fund = variation.find(".//fund[category='0']")
//查找子元素:查找具有特定属性值,同时有特定子元素值的子元素
//举例:查找expenses元素直属子元素中,符合该条件的子元素——具有属性necessity=True,同时包含文本值为0的category子元素
//情景含义:找到10号基本开支中用于饮食(category=0)的花销记录
expenses = day.find(".//expenses")
expense = expenses.find(".//expense[@necessity='True'][category='0']")
//查找非直属子元素:根据路径查找子元素
//举例:查找root元素下,具有属性value=2023的year元素下,具有属性value=09的month元素下,具有属性value=11的day元素下,所有expenses元素下,包含文本值为1的category子元素的expense元素
//情景含义:找到2023/09/11这一天用于出行(category=1)的花销记录
expense = root.findall(".//year[@value='2023']/month[@value='09']/day[@value='11']/expenses/expense[category='1']")
//创建子元素
//举例:为e_parent元素创建子元素e_child,子元素名(tag)为child_name,子元素属性(attrib)键值对包含在字典attr_dict中,子元素文本值(text)为child_text
e_child = ElementTree.SubElement(e_parent, child_name, attrib=attr_dict)
e_child.text = child_text
//添加子元素
//举例:将现有的e_child元素设置为e_parent元素的子元素
e_parent.append(e_child)
//修改element元素的名称和文本
element.tag = "new_tag"
element.text = "new_text"
//新增或修改element元素中名为key的属性(attrib本质上是字典)
element.attrib[key] = "new_value"
//删除element元素中名为key的属性,并返回对应的值value。若不存在该属性,则返回defalt_value
value = element.attrib.pop(key, defalt_value)
//写入xml文件
xml_tree.write(file_path, encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)
2. 修改xml文件后,出现原有内容与新增内容格式不一致的情况
参考:https://blog.csdn.net/u012692537/article/details/101395192
通过该函数美化一下,再调用write写入,问题解决- def pretty_xml(element, indent, newline='\n', level=0): # elemnt为传进来的Elment类,参数indent用于缩进,newline用于换行
- if element: # 判断element是否有子元素
- if (element.text is None) or element.text.isspace(): # 如果element的text没有内容
- element.text = newline + indent * (level + 1)
- else:
- element.text = newline + indent * (level + 1) + element.text.strip() + newline + indent * (level + 1)
- # else: # 此处两行如果把注释去掉,Element的text也会另起一行
- # element.text = newline + indent * (level + 1) + element.text.strip() + newline + indent * level
- temp = list(element) # 将element转成list
- for sub_element in temp:
- if temp.index(sub_element) < (len(temp) - 1): # 如果不是list的最后一个元素,说明下一个行是同级别元素的起始,缩进应一致
- sub_element.tail = newline + indent * (level + 1)
- else: # 如果是list的最后一个元素, 说明下一行是母元素的结束,缩进应该少一个
- sub_element.tail = newline + indent * level
- pretty_xml(sub_element, indent, newline, level=level + 1) # 对子元素进行递归操作
复制代码 3. QTableWidget单元格内置控件
核心方法:- def setCellWidget(row: int, column: int, widget: QWidget) -> None
复制代码 获QTableWidget中发出信号的控件所在行号的槽函数:- def get_triggeredObj_pos():
- triggeredObj = self.sender() # 获取信号发出者
- # 假设层次关系为triggeredObj放在widget中,而widget放在QTableWidget的单元格中
- widget = triggeredObj.parent()
- table_widget = widget.parent()
- row = table_widget.indexAt(widget.pos()).row()
- print(f"The row number of the button is {row}")
复制代码 来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/LinfengBingyi/p/17716008.html
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